NCLEX NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN Predictor Exam
1. Efforts by healthcare facilities to reduce the incidence of hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) include an awareness of which of the following?
- A. The CDC requires all states to report HAI rates from each hospital.
- B. Ensure that the restraints are tied to the side rails.
- C. The gastrointestinal tract is a common site for HAIs.
- D. Joint Commission considers death or serious injury from HAIs a sentinel event.
Correct answer: Joint Commission considers death or serious injury from HAIs a sentinel event.
Rationale: Efforts to reduce hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) involve being aware that the Joint Commission considers death or serious injury resulting from HAIs a sentinel event, which must be reported. While more than 20 states require reporting of HAI rates to the CDC, it is not a nationwide CDC requirement. The gastrointestinal tract is not a specific common site for HAIs; rather, bacteria are the primary cause. Ensuring restraints are properly secured is important for patient safety but not directly related to reducing HAIs.
2. Which of the following is a disadvantage of using a dry heat application?
- A. Dry heat is more likely to cause burns than moist heat
- B. Dry heat does not penetrate deeply into the tissues
- C. Dry heat causes the skin to dry out more quickly
- D. Dry heat can quickly cause skin breakdown
Correct answer: C: Dry heat causes the skin to dry out more quickly
Rationale: The correct answer is that dry heat causes the skin to dry out more quickly. When comparing dry and moist heat applications, dry heat is less likely to cause burns and skin breakdown. However, one of the disadvantages of dry heat is that it does not penetrate deeply into the tissues and may lead to faster drying out of the skin. This can have negative effects on skin integrity and overall comfort during therapy. Choice A is incorrect because dry heat is less likely to cause burns than moist heat. Choice B is incorrect as dry heat may not penetrate deeply into tissues. Choice D is incorrect as dry heat is less likely to cause skin breakdown compared to moist heat.
3. You are ready to give your resident a complete bed bath. The temperature of this bath water should be which of the following?
- A. Cooler than a tub bath.
- B. Hotter than a tub bath.
- C. About 106 degrees.
- D. Over 120 degrees.
Correct answer: About 106 degrees.
Rationale: The correct temperature for a bed bath water should be about 106 degrees. This temperature is considered safe and comfortable for residents. Using a bath thermometer is essential to ensure the water is not too hot, as hot water can cause burns. On the other hand, water that is too cool can lead to discomfort, shivering, and chilling. Options A, B, and D are incorrect because cooler water may cause discomfort and shivering, hotter water can lead to burns, and water over 120 degrees is considered too hot and risky for a resident's skin.
4. What initial response would the nurse give to a husband who is upset that his wife's alcohol withdrawal delirium has persisted for a second day?
- A. “I see that you're worried. We're using medication to ease your wife's discomfort.”
- B. “This is expected. I suggest that you go home because there's nothing you can do to help.”
- C. “If you’re afraid that she will die, I assure you, very few alcoholics die during detoxification.”
- D. “If you are concerned that she is uncomfortable, I'm sure that she's not in pain.”
Correct answer: “I see that you're worried. We're using medication to ease your wife's discomfort.”
Rationale: The correct response is to acknowledge the husband's feelings and provide information on the treatment plan to alleviate his concerns. This approach validates his emotions and educates him on the steps being taken to help his wife, promoting understanding and reducing anxiety. Choice B is incorrect as it dismisses the husband's worries and implies helplessness, potentially increasing his distress. Choice C is inappropriate as it introduces the concept of death, which can heighten fear and anxiety in the husband. Choice D is not recommended as it provides reassurance about the wife's pain without accurate knowledge of her discomfort, which could undermine trust and communication between the nurse and the husband.
5. A client is being seen for disrupted sleep patterns. The nurse encourages the client to verbalize feelings about sleep and inability to maintain adequate sleep habits. What is the rationale for this action?
- A. The client most likely has a mental illness that should be treated before addressing sleep issues
- B. The client may have unrecognized anxiety or fear that could be contributing to poor sleep habits
- C. The client may become tired once they start talking
- D. None of the above
Correct answer: The client may have unrecognized anxiety or fear that could be contributing to poor sleep habits
Rationale: Clients experiencing disrupted sleep patterns may have underlying anxiety or fear contributing to their poor sleep habits. Encouraging clients to verbalize their feelings about sleep allows them to address any negative emotions that may be impacting their ability to sleep well. By working through these issues, clients may experience increased peace and relaxation, which can help promote better sleep. Option A is incorrect because assuming a mental illness without evidence can lead to mismanagement of the client's care. Option C is incorrect as it does not address the underlying emotional factors affecting the client's sleep patterns. Option D is incorrect as there is a specific rationale for encouraging the client to verbalize their feelings about sleep.
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