Nursing Elites

1. During the evaluation of the quality of home care for a client with Alzheimer's disease, the priority for the nurse is to reinforce which statement by a family member?

• A. "At least two (2) full meals a day are eaten."?
• B. "We go to a group discussion every week at our community center."?
• C. "We have safety bars installed in the bathroom and have 24-hour alarms on the doors."?
• D. "The medication is not a problem to have taken three (3) times a day."?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is, '"We have safety bars installed in the bathroom and have 24-hour alarms on the doors."?' Ensuring the safety of a client with Alzheimer's disease is crucial in home care. Installing safety features like bars in the bathroom and alarms on doors help prevent accidents and injuries. This contributes to creating a safe environment that promotes independence and autonomy for the client. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because while they are important aspects of care, ensuring safety in the home environment takes precedence in caring for a client with Alzheimer's disease.

2. During a class on religion and spirituality, the nurse is asked to define spirituality. Which statement by the nurse best describes spirituality?

• A. "Is a personal search to discover a supreme being."?
• B. "Is an organized system of beliefs concerning the cause, nature, and purpose of the universe."?
• C. "Is a belief that each person exists forever in some form, such as a belief in reincarnation or the afterlife."?
• D. "Focuses on a connection with something bigger than oneself and a belief in transcendence."?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Spirituality is a broad term that focuses on a connection with something greater than oneself and a belief in transcendence. It is a personal journey that arises from unique life experiences and the individual's quest to find purpose and meaning in life. The correct answer emphasizes the essence of spirituality, which involves seeking a connection with a higher power and believing in transcendence. Choices A, B, and C, on the other hand, define aspects of religion rather than spirituality. Choice A refers to a personal search for a supreme being, which is more aligned with religious beliefs. Choice B describes an organized system of beliefs about the universe, typically associated with religion. Choice C pertains to beliefs about existence after death, such as reincarnation or the afterlife, which are often religious concepts. Therefore, the best description of spirituality is focusing on a connection with something beyond oneself and a belief in transcendence.

3. When examining an infant, which area should the nurse examine first?

• A. Ear
• B. Nose
• C. Throat
• D. Abdomen

Correct answer: D

Rationale: When examining an infant, the nurse should start by examining the least-distressing areas first before moving on to more invasive areas. The abdomen is typically the least distressing area to examine, so it should be assessed first. Examining the eye, ear, nose, and throat are considered more invasive and should be saved for last. Therefore, the correct choice is to examine the abdomen first to ensure a comfortable and less distressing examination process for the infant. Choices A, B, and C (Ear, Nose, Throat) are more invasive areas and should be examined after the abdomen.

4. The mitral valve is synonymous with the term:

• A. Left ventricle
• B. Right atrium
• C. Bicuspid valve
• D. Tricuspid valve

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The mitral valve, also known as the bicuspid valve, is located between the left atrium and the left ventricle, regulating blood flow from the left atrium into the left ventricle. The term 'bicuspid' refers to the valve's two cusps or leaflets. This distinguishes it from the tricuspid valve (Choice D), which has three cusps, making Choice D incorrect. The left ventricle (Choice A) and right atrium (Choice B) are not synonymous with the mitral valve. Therefore, the correct answer is C: Bicuspid valve.

5. When should you wear gloves?

• A. preparing infant formula for a newborn baby
• B. transferring breast milk into a baby bottle
• C. knocking on a patient's door
• D. opening a patient's door

Correct answer: B

Rationale: You must wear gloves when transferring breast milk into a baby bottle because breast milk is considered a bodily fluid. It is essential to avoid direct contact to prevent contamination. When preparing infant formula, gloves are not required as formula is not a bodily fluid. Knocking on or opening a patient's door does not involve direct contact with bodily fluids, so gloves are unnecessary in those situations.

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