NCLEX NCLEX-RN
Safe and Effective Care Environment NCLEX RN Questions
1. When dismissing a 5-year-old boy from the pediatrics unit, what type of seat belt restraint should the child wear as the parents drive the car to the front door of the hospital?
- A. A 5-point restraint in the back seat, facing backward
- B. A booster seat with a lap and shoulder belt in the back seat
- C. A lap belt in the back seat
- D. A lap and shoulder belt in the front seat
Correct answer: B: A booster seat with a lap and shoulder belt in the back seat
Rationale: A 5-year-old child riding in a car should use a restraint system for safety. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommend that children under 13 years should not ride in the front seat of a car due to safety concerns. For a 5-year-old child, a booster seat with a lap and shoulder belt in the back seat is the most appropriate choice. This setup ensures proper protection and restraint for the child's size and age. Choice A is incorrect because a 5-point restraint system facing backward is not suitable for a 5-year-old child in a car. Choice C is incorrect as a lap belt alone does not provide adequate protection for a child of this age. Choice D is incorrect as children should not be seated in the front seat, especially at this young age.
2. After taking the vital signs for your patient and finding them to be normal, what should you do next?
- A. Report the vital signs to the doctor
- B. Write the vital signs on a scrap paper
- C. Call the family members
- D. Document them on the graphic VS form
Correct answer: Document them on the graphic VS form
Rationale: After assessing and finding that the vital signs are normal for the patient, the appropriate action would be to document them on the graphic VS form. This form is used to track and record vital sign measurements accurately and consistently. Reporting the normal vital signs to the doctor is not necessary unless there are concerning trends or deviations. Writing the vital signs on a scrap piece of paper is not recommended as it may not be an official or reliable record. Calling the family members is unrelated to the process of documenting and tracking vital signs for the patient.
3. A client in a long-term care facility reports to the nurse that he has not had a bowel movement in 2 days. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?
- A. Instruct the caregiver to offer a glass of warm prune juice at mealtimes.
- B. Notify the healthcare provider and request a prescription for a large-volume enema.
- C. Assess the client's medical record to determine the client's normal bowel pattern.
- D. Instruct the caregiver to increase the client's fluids to five 8-ounce glasses per day.
Correct answer: Assess the client's medical record to determine the client's normal bowel pattern.
Rationale: The first step in addressing a client's reported change in bowel habits is to assess the client's normal bowel pattern. This assessment helps the nurse understand the client's typical bowel habits and identify any deviations from the norm. By assessing the medical record first, the nurse gains valuable information that guides further interventions. In this scenario, offering prune juice (Option A) or increasing fluids (Option D) may not be appropriate until the client's normal bowel pattern is known. Notifying the healthcare provider for a large-volume enema (Option B) is premature without understanding the client's baseline. Therefore, assessing the client's medical record is the priority before proceeding with any interventions.
4. When performing an EKG, the patient starts to laugh out of feelings of anxiety. What would you expect the EKG to show? (Choose the BEST answer.)
- A. Increased pulse rate, normal EKG
- B. Decreased pulse rate, abnormal EKG
- C. Tachycardia, poor EKG graph
- D. Bradycardia, poor EKG graph
Correct answer: C: Tachycardia, poor EKG graph
Rationale: When a patient laughs due to anxiety during an EKG, it is likely to cause tachycardia, which is a rapid heart rate. This increased heart rate can lead to poor EKG graph quality as the electrical signals from large moving muscles can interfere with data collection from the chest leads. Therefore, in this scenario, the EKG is expected to show tachycardia with poor graph quality. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because a patient laughing out of anxiety is more likely to result in an increased pulse rate (tachycardia) rather than a decreased pulse rate (bradycardia) or a normal EKG.
5. The Rule of Nines is used to:
- A. determine the amount of the body surface that has been burned.
- B. assess the level of oxygen saturation in a body that has been burned.
- C. determine the level of tissue damage that has occurred in a burn.
- D. None of the above.
Correct answer: determine the amount of the body surface that has been burned.
Rationale: The Rule of Nines is used to assess the amount of body surface that has been burned. Most body areas are divided out based on 9%, with the exception of the genitalia, which is only 1%.
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