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NCLEX RN Predictor Exam
1. The nurse is planning care for a patient with a wrist restraint. How often should a restraint be removed, the area massaged, and the joints moved through their full range?
- A. Once a shift
- B. Once an hour
- C. Every 2 hours
- D. Every 4 hours
Correct answer: Every 2 hours
Rationale: Restraints should be removed every 2 hours to prevent complications. Moving the joints through their full range of motion helps prevent muscle shortening and contractures. Massaging the area promotes circulation and reduces the risk of pressure injuries. Removing restraints less frequently could lead to complications like decreased circulation and skin breakdown. Options A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not align with the standard practice of removing restraints every 2 hours to ensure patient safety and well-being.
2. Which of the following factors may alter the level of consciousness in a patient?
- A. Alcohol
- B. Electrolytes
- C. Infection
- D. All of the above may cause altered level of consciousness
Correct answer: All of the above may cause altered level of consciousness
Rationale: Various factors can lead to altered levels of consciousness in a patient. Alcohol consumption can depress the central nervous system and cause changes in consciousness. Electrolyte imbalances, such as hyponatremia or hypernatremia, can disrupt brain function and affect consciousness. Infections, especially those affecting the brain like encephalitis, can also lead to alterations in consciousness. Therefore, all of the choices provided - Alcohol, Electrolytes, and Infection - can potentially cause changes in the level of consciousness. Remember the acronym AEIOU-TIPPS to recall common causes of decreased level of consciousness, including Alcohol, Electrolytes, and Infection, among others.
3. Which assessment data would be most important to obtain from an Asian-American client with major depressive disorder who maintains traditional cultural beliefs and values?
- A. Dietary practices
- B. Concept of space
- C. Immigration status
- D. Role within the family
Correct answer: Role within the family
Rationale: The most important assessment data to obtain from an Asian-American client with major depressive disorder who maintains traditional cultural beliefs and values is their role within the family. In traditional Asian cultures, the family holds significant importance and plays a central role in influencing an individual's well-being. Understanding the client's role within the family can provide crucial insights into their support system, stressors, and coping mechanisms. Dietary practices, concept of space, and immigration status, while potentially relevant, are not as vital in this context compared to understanding the dynamics and influence of the family structure on the individual's mental health.
4. In addition to standard precautions, the nurse caring for a patient with rubella would plan to implement what type of precautions?
- A. Droplet precautions
- B. Airborne precautions
- C. Contact precautions
- D. Universal precautions
Correct answer: Droplet precautions
Rationale: Rubella is an illness transmitted by large-particle droplets, so the nurse should implement droplet precautions in addition to standard precautions. Airborne precautions are used for diseases spread through small particles in the air, such as tuberculosis, varicella, and rubeola. Contact precautions are utilized for diseases transmitted by direct contact with the patient or their environment. Universal precautions and body substance isolations are part of the CDC's standard precautions recommendations, but do not specifically address the transmission route of rubella.
5. A systemic sign of infection is ______________.
- A. swelling
- B. redness
- C. heat
- D. a lack of appetite
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is 'a lack of appetite.' When a person experiences a systemic infection, they may exhibit signs that affect the entire body. A lack of appetite is a common systemic sign of infection, along with other symptoms like rapid pulse, fever, and an elevated white blood cell count. Swelling, redness, and heat are more indicative of localized inflammation or infection, rather than systemic involvement.
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