Nursing Elites

1. What kind of preventive measures is MOST likely to be used to prevent Mary Eden from falling due to her muscular frailty?

• A. Physical therapy for muscle strengthening exercises
• B. Physical therapy for range of motion exercises
• C. Occupational therapy to help her with confusion
• D. Medications to help her sleep more

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Mary Eden, due to her muscular frailty, is at risk of falling. The most effective preventive measure in this case would be physical therapy focusing on muscle strengthening exercises. Strengthening exercises can help improve her muscle tone and stability, reducing the risk of falls. While range of motion exercises may be beneficial, they may not directly address her muscular frailty and stability concerns as effectively as muscle strengthening exercises. Occupational therapy aims to help individuals with activities of daily living and functional tasks, not confusion. Medications to induce more sleep can actually increase the risk of falls due to potential side effects like dizziness or disorientation, rather than preventing falls.

2. Employee health test results reveal a tuberculosis (TB) skin test of 16-mm induration and a negative chest x-ray for a staff nurse working on the pulmonary unit. The nurse has no symptoms of TB. Which information should the occupational health nurse plan to teach the staff nurse?

• A. Standard four-drug therapy for TB
• B. Need for annual repeat TB skin testing
• C. Use and side effects of isoniazid (INH)
• D. Bacille Calmette-Gurin (BCG) vaccine

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The nurse is considered to have a latent TB infection and should be treated with INH daily for 6 to 9 months. The four-drug therapy would be appropriate if the nurse had active TB. TB skin testing is not done for individuals who have already had a positive skin test. BCG vaccine is not used in the United States for TB and would not be helpful for this individual, who already has a TB infection.

3. Which of the following is an example of intragroup conflict?

• A. A nurse writes a grant for a non-profit organization to raise money for advertising
• B. Members of a multidisciplinary team cannot agree on the best course of action for a client
• C. A client does not receive his medication on time because the nurse was on break
• D. A nurse feels frustrated that her employer does not provide on-site child care

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Intragroup conflict refers to disagreements within a group. The correct answer, 'Members of a multidisciplinary team cannot agree on the best course of action for a client,' exemplifies this type of conflict well. In this scenario, professionals within the same team are unable to reach a consensus on how to proceed with client care. Choices A, C, and D do not reflect intragroup conflict. Writing a grant for a non-profit organization, a client not receiving medication due to a nurse's break, and a nurse feeling frustrated about the lack of on-site child care do not involve conflicts within a group of professionals.

4. A nurse with five years of experience working in a hospital unit is promoted as a mentor and preceptor to a new nursing staff. This is an example of:

• A. Collegiality
• B. Competence
• C. Advocacy
• D. Integration

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Collegiality is the action of forming relationships and supporting others through work experiences. In this scenario, the nurse being promoted as a mentor and preceptor exemplifies collegiality by fostering an encouraging educational relationship with the new nursing staff. The nurse demonstrates appropriate nursing care, teaches skills, and supports the professional growth of others. Choice B, 'Competence,' refers to having the necessary skills and knowledge, but in this context, the focus is on the supportive and educational role of the nurse. Choice C, 'Advocacy,' involves speaking up for patients' rights and needs, which is not directly demonstrated in the scenario. Choice D, 'Integration,' does not directly relate to the situation described, where the emphasis is on mentoring and guiding new staff.

5. A client has volunteered to take part in a research study. After participating for two months, he decides that he can no longer tolerate the study and decides to leave. What are the client's rights in this situation?

• A. The client has a right to be released from the study but must reimburse the researchers for charges incurred
• B. The client has a right to be released from the study without any liability
• C. The client has a right to be released from the study but is prohibited from participating in any future studies
• D. The client does not have the right to be released from the study; he must finish his participation

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When a client voluntarily participates in a research study and later decides to withdraw, they have the right to be released from the study without any liability. It is unethical to force a participant to continue in a study against their will as this violates their autonomy and personal rights. Choice A is incorrect as it suggests that the client must reimburse the researchers for charges incurred, which is not typically the case unless agreed upon beforehand. Choice C is incorrect as there is no standard practice prohibiting a participant from future studies just because they withdrew from a current one. Choice D is incorrect because participants always have the right to withdraw from a research study at any time.

Similar Questions