Nursing Elites

1. What is the most effective step in hand washing?

• A. Using friction to remove potential pathogens.
• B. Using hospital-grade soap.
• C. Moisturizing the hands after washing to prevent cracking.
• D. Washing hands with soap for at least 15 seconds.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The most effective step in hand washing is using friction to remove potential pathogens. While using soap, moisturizing hands, and washing for a sufficient duration are important aspects of hand hygiene, the mechanical action of rubbing hands together with friction is crucial in dislodging and removing dirt, debris, and potential pathogens. Hospital-grade soap may be beneficial, but the physical act of friction is key to effective hand washing. Moisturizing after washing is important for skin health but not the most effective step in the hand washing process. Simply washing hands for a specific duration, such as 15 seconds, without proper friction may not effectively remove contaminants. Therefore, using friction for thorough cleaning is the most crucial step in hand washing.

2. Which term best describes changes such as retirement, grandparenting, and increased dependence on others?

• A. Moral
• B. Psychosocial
• C. Self-esteem
• D. Psychomotor

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Psychosocial.' Retirement, grandparenting, and increased dependence on others are examples of psychosocial changes because they involve social interactions, relationships, and psychological aspects. 'Moral' (Choice A) does not directly relate to the changes mentioned. 'Self-esteem' (Choice C) is more about self-perception and confidence, not the social changes mentioned. 'Psychomotor' (Choice D) refers to physical movements and skills, which are not the focus of the changes described in the question.

3. During which part of the client interview would it be best for the nurse to ask, 'What's the weather forecast for today?'

• A. Introduction
• B. Body
• C. Closing
• D. Orientation

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Asking about the weather initiates the social or introductory phase of the interview, allowing the nurse to establish rapport with the client at the beginning. This question can help assess the client's mental status and set a friendly tone. In the body phase, the client responds to the nurse's inquiries, while during the closing phase, either the nurse or the client concludes the interview. Therefore, the best time to ask about the weather forecast is during the introduction phase to facilitate a positive start to the interaction.

4. A patient is diagnosed with essential hypertension. Which of the following blood pressures would you expect to see in this patient prior to taking medications for the condition?

• A. 142/92
• B. 118/72
• C. 120/80
• D. 138/88

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Before starting medications for essential hypertension, a patient would typically present with a blood pressure reading equal to or greater than 140/90. This indicates high blood pressure and is characteristic of essential hypertension. Choice A, 142/92, falls within this range, making it the correct answer. Choices B (118/72), C (120/80), and D (138/88) all have blood pressure readings that are within the normal range and would not typically be expected in a patient diagnosed with essential hypertension. Therefore, choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not align with the elevated blood pressure levels seen in essential hypertension.

5. The healthcare provider is examining a patient who is reporting "feeling cold."? Which is a mechanism of heat loss in the body?

• A. Exercise
• B. Radiation
• C. Metabolism
• D. Food digestion

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When the body needs to lose heat, one of the mechanisms it employs is radiation. Radiation involves the transfer of heat from the body to the environment in the form of infrared waves. While metabolism, exercise, and food digestion contribute to heat production, they are not mechanisms for heat loss. Metabolism generates heat as a byproduct, exercise increases metabolic rate leading to heat production, and food digestion involves some heat generation, but these processes do not directly facilitate heat loss. Therefore, in the scenario where the patient is feeling cold, radiation is the primary mechanism for the body to lose excess heat and maintain a stable internal temperature.

Similar Questions