NCLEX-RN
Exam Cram NCLEX RN Practice Questions
1. When a sequence of repeated weights is necessary, the healthcare provider should aim to weigh the patient at the same time of day and with consistent clothing. Using a standardized balance or electronic standing scale is recommended for accurate measurements. The patient should remove shoes and heavy outer clothing. It is not required for the patient to always be weighed in undergarments. What is the most appropriate indicator of the patient's overall well-being?
- A. General health
- B. Genetic makeup
- C. Nutritional status
- D. Activity and exercise patterns
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Weight measurements are essential to assess general health, particularly in monitoring growth patterns. Height and weight recordings are crucial indicators of overall well-being, reflecting the individual's health status. Genetic makeup does not change with weight fluctuations, making it an inappropriate indicator. Nutritional status and activity levels can influence weight but are not as comprehensive as general health in reflecting overall well-being.
2. What term is used to refer to generalized wasting of body tissues and malnutrition?
- A. Entropion
- B. Confabulation
- C. Induration
- D. Cachexia
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Cachexia is the correct term used to describe the generalized wasting of body tissues, ill health, and malnutrition associated with some chronic diseases. It involves a loss of fat tissue to protect the bones and joints. Clients with cachexia are at risk of pressure ulcers and other complications due to malnutrition and poor health. Entropion refers to an eyelid condition, confabulation is a memory disturbance, and induration is the abnormal hardening of a part of the body.
3. Which of the following is an example of a positive effect of exercise on a client?
- A. Decreased basal metabolic rate
- B. Decreased venous return
- C. Decreased work of breathing
- D. Decreased gastric motility
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is 'Decreased work of breathing.' Exercise has numerous positive effects on clients, such as increasing metabolic rate, improving gastric motility, and enhancing venous return. When a client exercises regularly, their work of breathing decreases, meaning that everyday activities require less exertion. This is beneficial as it indicates improved cardiovascular and respiratory efficiency. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because a decreased basal metabolic rate, decreased venous return, and decreased gastric motility are not typically considered positive effects of exercise. Instead, an increased basal metabolic rate, improved venous return, and optimal gastric motility are desired outcomes associated with physical activity.
4. To accurately assess a patient's respiration rate, which of the following methods would be BEST?
- A. Tell the patient, 'Please remain silent while I count your number of breaths.'
- B. Count respirations at the same time you are counting the pulse rate
- C. Count the pulse rate for one minute, then, while keeping your index fingers on the patient's radial artery, count the respirations for an additional minute.
- D. Count the patient's respiration rate, then take the patient's temperature, and then take the pulse rate.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The most accurate method to assess a patient's respiration rate is to count the breaths simultaneously while counting the pulse rate. This approach ensures that the patient is unaware of the specific focus on their breathing, preventing any conscious alteration in breathing patterns. Choice A is incorrect because informing the patient may lead to altered breathing as the patient may consciously change their breathing pattern. Choice C involves counting the pulse rate first, which is not necessary for assessing respiration rate. Choice D is incorrect as it includes unnecessary steps such as taking the patient's temperature before counting respiration rate, which adds no value to accurately assessing the respiration rate.
5. A client is being admitted to the hospital because of a seizure that occurred at his home. The client has no previous history of seizures. In planning the client's nursing care, which of the following measures is most essential at the time of admission?
- A. Place a padded tongue depressor at the head of the bed.
- B. Pad the bed with blankets.
- C. Inform the client about the importance of wearing a medical identification tag.
- D. Teach the client about seizures.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The most essential measure when admitting a client who had a seizure is to pad the bed with blankets (Option B). This is crucial to prevent injury in case of another seizure. Placing a padded tongue depressor at the head of the bed (Option A) is incorrect as current nursing guidelines advise against putting anything in the client's mouth during a seizure. Informing the client about wearing a medical identification tag (Option C) and teaching the client about seizures (Option D) are important but are more relevant once the cause of the seizure is known. It's crucial to remember that not all seizures are classified as epilepsy.
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