Nursing Elites

1. After instructing the client on crutch walking technique, the nurse should evaluate the client's understanding by using which of the following methods?

• A. Return demonstration
• B. Explanation
• C. Achievement of 90 on written test
• D. Have the client explain the procedure to the family

Correct answer: A

Rationale: After teaching the client on crutch walking technique, assessing the client's understanding is crucial. The most effective method to evaluate the client's comprehension of a hands-on skill like crutch walking technique is through a return demonstration. This allows the nurse to observe the client performing the technique, ensuring they have grasped the instructions correctly and can execute the skill safely. While providing an explanation can help clarify doubts, it may not confirm the client's ability to perform the skill. Achieving a high score on a written test assesses cognitive understanding but not necessarily the practical application of the skill. Having the client explain the procedure to the family does not directly assess their ability to perform the skill themselves; it tests their ability to communicate the information to others.

2. Which of the following interventions is most appropriate for a client with a diagnosis of Risk for Activity Intolerance?

• A. Perform nursing activities throughout the entire shift
• B. Assess for signs of increased muscle tone
• C. Minimize environmental noise
• D. Teach clients to perform the Valsalva maneuver

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The most appropriate intervention for a client diagnosed with Risk for Activity Intolerance is to minimize environmental noise. Environmental noise can increase the energy demand on the client as they try to manage their responses to stimuli. By reducing excess noise, the nurse helps promote rest and conserves the client's energy, which is crucial in managing activity intolerance. Choice A is incorrect because increasing nursing activities may exacerbate the client's intolerance to activity. Choice B is incorrect as assessing for signs of increased muscle tone does not directly address the issue of activity intolerance. Choice D is incorrect as teaching the Valsalva maneuver is not relevant to managing activity intolerance in this scenario.

3. The nurse is assessing the vital signs of a 20-year-old marathon runner and documents the following vital signs: temperature"?36�C; pulse"?48 beats per minute; respirations"?14 breaths per minute; blood pressure"?104/68 mm Hg. Which statement is true concerning these results?

• A. The patient is experiencing bradycardia.
• B. These are normal vital signs for a healthy, athletic adult.
• C. The patient's pulse rate is not normal"?no action is required.
• D. The patient's next clinic visit should occur as scheduled.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is, 'These are normal vital signs for a healthy, athletic adult.' A pulse rate of 48 beats per minute is considered bradycardia in adults, but it is not a concern in well-trained athletes like marathon runners. Bradycardia is a normal physiological response to aerobic conditioning. Tachycardia, on the other hand, is defined as a pulse rate above 100 beats per minute, which is not the case here. The low pulse rate in this scenario is a reflection of the athlete's cardiovascular fitness. Therefore, there is no need to notify the physician or schedule a follow-up visit based on these findings.

4. During a class on the aspects of culture, the instructor shares that culture has four basic characteristics. Which statement correctly reflects one of the characteristics of culture?

• A. Static and unchanging
• B. Members sharing similar physical characteristics
• C. Members sharing a common geographic origin and religion
• D. Adapted to specific conditions related to environmental and technical factors

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Culture has four basic characteristics, one of which is that it is adapted to specific conditions related to environmental and technical factors and to the availability of natural resources. The other three characteristics are: (1) learned from birth through the processes of language acquisition and socialization; (2) shared by all members of the cultural group; and (3) dynamic and ever-changing. Culture is not static and unchanging but is dynamic and ever-changing. Members of a culture do not necessarily share similar physical characteristics; that refers to race. Similarly, members of a culture do not necessarily share a common geographic origin and religion; that refers to ethnicity.

5. The healthcare provider is preparing to use an otoscope for an examination. Which statement is true regarding the otoscope?

• A. Often used to direct light into the sinuses
• B. Used to examine the structures of the internal ear
• C. Uses a short, broad speculum to help visualize the ear
• D. Directs light into the ear canal and onto the tympanic membrane

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The otoscope is a tool used to examine the ear canal and tympanic membrane, which separates the external and middle ear. It is not intended to direct light into the sinuses or examine the internal structures of the ear. The otoscope typically uses a short, narrow speculum to aid in visualizing the ear canal and tympanic membrane, not a short, broad speculum as mentioned in choice C.

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