NCLEX NCLEX-RN
Health Promotion and Maintenance NCLEX RN Questions
1. A client is being monitored for decreased tissue perfusion and increased risk of skin breakdown. Which measure best improves tissue perfusion in this client?
- A. Massaging the reddened areas
- B. Performing range of motion exercises
- C. Administering antithrombotics as ordered
- D. Feeding the client a high-carbohydrate diet
Correct answer: Performing range of motion exercises
Rationale: For a client at risk of impaired skin integrity due to decreased tissue perfusion, improving mobility is crucial to enhance tissue perfusion and prevent skin breakdown. Range of motion exercises are beneficial to increase circulation and prevent complications. Massaging reddened areas may further damage fragile skin. Administering antithrombotics may be necessary for specific conditions but does not directly address tissue perfusion. Feeding a high-carbohydrate diet does not directly improve tissue perfusion in this context.
2. A 65-year-old man is prescribed Flomax (Tamsulosin) for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. The patient lives in an upstairs apartment. The nurse is most concerned about which side effect of Flomax?
- A. Hypotension
- B. Tachycardia
- C. Back Pain
- D. Difficulty Urinating
Correct answer: Hypotension
Rationale: The correct answer is 'Hypotension.' Flomax (Tamsulosin) is known to cause orthostatic hypotension, especially in the elderly, leading to a sudden drop in blood pressure when standing up. This side effect can result in dizziness, falls, and injury, especially concerning for a patient living in an upstairs apartment. Tachycardia (increased heart rate) and back pain are less commonly associated with Flomax use, while difficulty urinating is a symptom that Flomax is intended to improve in patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia.
3. A parent of a young child says, 'I’m so upset! The doctor prescribed an antidepressant!' Which response is best?
- A. 'Tell me more about what’s bothering you.'
- B. 'Weren’t you told about the need for the medication?'
- C. 'I’ll notify the healthcare provider about your concerns.'
- D. 'Maybe the medication is for attention deficit disorder.'
Correct answer: 'Tell me more about what’s bothering you.'
Rationale: The best response in this situation is to express empathy and encourage the parent to share more about their concerns. Option A ('Tell me more about what’s bothering you.') allows the nurse to show understanding and gather more information to address the parent's distress effectively. Option B ('Weren’t you told about the need for the medication?') is confrontational and may make the parent defensive, hindering effective communication. Option C ('I’ll notify the healthcare provider about your concerns.') is premature; the nurse should first assess the parent's feelings before deciding on further actions. Option D ('Maybe the medication is for attention deficit disorder.') assumes without clarification, which is not appropriate; the nurse should validate the prescription before suggesting alternative reasons.
4. On the first postpartum day, a client whose infant is rooming in asks the nurse to return her baby to the nursery and bring the baby to her only at feeding times. Which response would the nurse provide?
- A. It seems that you’ve changed your mind about rooming in.
- B. I think you’re having difficulty caring for the baby.
- C. All right. I’ll inform the other nurses of your decision.
- D. You must be tired. I’ll bring the baby back at feeding time.
Correct answer: It seems that you’ve changed your mind about rooming in.
Rationale: Stating that it seems that the client has changed her mind opens communication and allows the client to verbalize her thoughts and feelings. This response acknowledges the client's request without being judgmental. Stating that the client is having difficulty caring for the baby is presumptuous and could make the client defensive. Informing other nurses of the client's decision without exploring the reasons behind it may not address the client's concerns. Although the client may be tired, assuming this without further discussion may overlook the client's true feelings and needs, hindering effective communication and support.
5. Which behavior observed by the nurse indicates a suspicion that a depressed adolescent client may be suicidal?
- A. The adolescent gives away a DVD player and a cherished autographed picture of a performer.
- B. The adolescent runs out of group therapy, swearing at the group leader, and then goes to her room.
- C. The adolescent becomes angry while speaking on the phone and slams down the receiver.
- D. The adolescent gets angry with her roommate when the roommate borrows her clothes without asking.
Correct answer: The adolescent gives away a DVD player and a cherished autographed picture of a performer.
Rationale: The correct answer is when the adolescent gives away a DVD player and a cherished autographed picture of a performer. This behavior is concerning because a depressed suicidal client often gives away things of value as a way of saying goodbye and wanting to be remembered. Choices B, C, and D all involve anger and acting-out behaviors, which are common in adolescents but do not specifically indicate suicidal ideation. Running out of group therapy, swearing, and going to her room, becoming angry and slamming the phone receiver, or getting upset when her roommate borrows her clothes are not clear indications of suicidal thoughts.
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