Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is an example of emotional neglect?

• A. A slap to the person's hand
• B. Threatening the person
• C. Ignoring and isolating a person
• D. Leaving a patient soiled for hours

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is ignoring and isolating a person. Emotional neglect involves failing to meet the emotional needs of individuals, which can include ignoring their feelings and isolating them. Choices A, B, and D involve physical aggression, verbal threats, and neglect of physical care, respectively. These actions may be forms of abuse or neglect, but they do not specifically relate to emotional neglect as described in the question.

2. A patient who is displaying the defense mechanism of Compensation would:

• A. Refuse to hear unwanted information.
• B. Transfer feelings of negativity to someone else.
• C. Overemphasize behaviors which accommodate for perceived weaknesses.
• D. Place blame on others for personal actions or mistakes.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Overemphasize behaviors which accommodate for perceived weaknesses.' Compensation involves overemphasizing or exaggerating a particular behavior or trait to make up for or cover up perceived weaknesses in oneself. This defense mechanism allows individuals to focus on their strengths rather than acknowledging their shortcomings. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Refusing to hear unwanted information relates more to denial, transferring feelings of negativity to someone else is projection, and placing blame on others is an example of the defense mechanism known as externalization.

3. What is the initial step to take when a patient passes out at the front desk?

• A. Call 911.
• B. Initiate CPR.
• C. Shake the patient and ask if they are okay.
• D. Check for a pulse.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct initial step when a patient passes out at the front desk is to shake the patient gently and ask if they are okay. This step aims to assess the patient's level of responsiveness. Checking for a pulse or initiating CPR should only be done if the patient does not respond to being shaken. Calling 911 can be the next step after assessing the patient's immediate condition and providing necessary assistance.

4. Which theory reflects the view that illness is caused by an imbalance or disharmony in the forces of nature?

• A. Germ theory
• B. Naturalistic theory
• C. Magicoreligious theory
• D. Biomedical or scientific theory

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The naturalistic theory posits that illness results from an imbalance or disharmony in the forces of nature. According to this theory, maintaining a natural balance or harmony is essential to prevent illness. Conversely, germ theory and biomedical or scientific theory attribute illness to microorganisms, while magicoreligious theory attributes illness to supernatural forces such as deities or spirits. Therefore, the most appropriate theory reflecting the belief that illness arises from a disruption in natural forces is the naturalistic theory.

5. A patient works with a nurse to establish outcomes. The nurse believes that one outcome suggested by the patient is not in the patient's best interest. What is the nurse's best action?

• A. Remain silent.
• B. Educate the patient that the outcome is not realistic.
• C. Explore with the patient possible consequences of the outcome.
• D. Formulate an appropriate outcome without the patient's input.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the nurse should collaborate with the patient rather than impose personal opinions. While the nurse should respect the patient's autonomy, they also have a duty to provide guidance. By exploring possible consequences of the suggested outcome with the patient, the nurse can facilitate a discussion that helps the patient make an informed decision. This approach respects the patient's input while ensuring their well-being. Remaining silent (Choice A) may not address the issue, educating the patient unilaterally (Choice B) may be perceived as dismissive, and formulating an outcome without patient input (Choice D) disregards the patient's autonomy and preferences.

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