NCLEX NCLEX-RN
Psychosocial Integrity NCLEX Questions Quizlet
1. A term used to describe members of the same group based on physiological characteristics, such as skin color or body structure, is known as:
- A. Ethnicity
- B. Culture
- C. Race
- D. Minority
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct term used to describe members of the same group based on physiological characteristics, such as skin color or body structure, is 'Race.' Race categorizes people based on physical traits like skin color. Ethnicity refers to shared cultural characteristics, traditions, language, and heritage, not physical attributes. Culture encompasses the values, beliefs, behaviors, and practices shared by a group. 'Minority' refers to a smaller number or part compared to the whole, not specifically based on physiological characteristics.
2. When assessing the pulse of a 6-year-old patient, the nurse notices that the heart rate varies with the respiratory cycle, speeding up at the peak of inspiration and slowing to normal with expiration. What action would the nurse take next?
- A. Notify the physician.
- B. Record this finding as normal.
- C. Check the child’s blood pressure and note any variation with respiration.
- D. Document that this child has bradycardia and continue with the assessment.
Correct answer: Record this finding as normal.
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take next is to record this finding as normal. Sinus dysrhythmia, characterized by heart rate variation with the respiratory cycle, is commonly found in children and young adults. The heart rate speeds up at the peak of inspiration and slows to normal with expiration. This phenomenon is a normal variant and does not require any intervention. There is no need to notify the physician as this finding is within the expected range for this age group. Checking the child’s blood pressure for variations with respiration or documenting the child as having bradycardia would not be appropriate in this case, as sinus dysrhythmia is a normal physiological response.
3. The nurse is assessing a 3-year-old child for symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Which assessment finding should lead the nurse to question the diagnosis?
- A. Inability to react appropriately to social cues
- B. Engages in repetitive behaviors
- C. Comprehends language well beyond the complexity expected for age
- D. Displays self-destructive behavior
Correct answer: Comprehends language well beyond the complexity expected for age
Rationale: The correct answer is 'Comprehends language well beyond the complexity expected for age.' Children with autism spectrum disorder typically struggle with language and communication skills, so comprehending language well beyond their age level would not align with the diagnosis of ASD. This finding could indicate other developmental strengths or delays. Choices A, B, and D are more commonly associated with ASD - the inability to react appropriately to social cues, engaging in repetitive behaviors, and displaying self-destructive behavior are typical manifestations of autism spectrum disorder.
4. When planning care for an uninsured diabetic patient, which strategy should be a priority?
- A. Obtain less expensive medications
- B. Follow evidence-based practice guidelines
- C. Assist with dietary changes as the first action
- D. Teach about the impact of exercise on diabetes
Correct answer: Follow evidence-based practice guidelines
Rationale: The priority when planning care for an uninsured diabetic patient should be to follow evidence-based practice guidelines. By adhering to standardized evidence-based guidelines, the nurse can help reduce healthcare disparities among different socioeconomic groups. While obtaining less expensive medications and assisting with dietary changes are important, the primary concern should be providing care that aligns with established standards of practice. Teaching about the impact of exercise is also valuable but may not be the priority when immediate care planning for an uninsured patient is considered.
5. A female client with frequent urinary tract infections (UTIs) asks the nurse to explain her friend's advice about drinking a glass of juice daily to prevent future UTIs. Which response is best for the nurse to provide?
- A. Orange juice has vitamin C that deters bacterial growth.
- B. Apple juice is the most useful in acidifying the urine.
- C. Cranberry juice stops pathogens' adherence to the bladder.
- D. Grapefruit juice increases absorption of most antibiotics.
Correct answer: Cranberry juice stops pathogens' adherence to the bladder.
Rationale: The correct answer is 'Cranberry juice stops pathogens' adherence to the bladder.' Cranberry juice maintains urinary tract health by reducing the adherence of Escherichia coli bacteria to cells within the bladder. This helps prevent UTIs. Options A, B, and D are incorrect because orange juice with vitamin C, apple juice for urine acidification, and grapefruit juice for antibiotic absorption do not have the same proven effectiveness in preventing UTIs as cranberry juice does.
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