a procedure that examines a portion of the large intestine with an endoscope is called
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NCLEX-RN

NCLEX RN Actual Exam Test Bank

1. What procedure examines a portion of the large intestine with an endoscope?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Sigmoidoscopy is the correct answer because it specifically examines the sigmoid colon located in the descending colon using an endoscope inserted through the rectum. This procedure captures video and images of the large intestine's lining, helping in the diagnosis of conditions like inflammatory bowel disease or colorectal cancer. Colposcopy, on the other hand, is a procedure for examining the cervix and vagina, not the large intestine. Upper GI involves capturing images of the esophagus and stomach, focusing on the upper gastrointestinal tract, not the large intestine. Cardiac catheterization is a procedure that involves threading a thin instrument through the femoral artery to the heart, used for cardiac interventions and not related to examining the large intestine.

2. When measuring the vital signs of a 6-month-old infant, which action by the nurse is correct?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: When assessing vital signs in a 6-month-old infant, the correct order is to measure respirations first, followed by pulse and temperature. This sequence is important to avoid potential alterations in respiratory and pulse rates caused by factors like crying or discomfort. Measuring the temperature first, especially rectally, may lead to an increase in respiratory and pulse rates, which can skew the results. It is crucial to follow this specific order to obtain accurate baseline values. Therefore, option A is the correct choice. Option B is incorrect as the frequency of measuring vital signs in infants differs based on individual needs rather than being consistently more frequent than in adults. Option C is not directly related to the correct sequence for measuring vital signs in infants. Option D is incorrect because the physical examination typically follows the assessment of vital signs in clinical practice.

3. Nursing care plans contain which of the following?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Nursing care plans are legal documents that contain nursing diagnoses, such as an "Alteration of respiratory function". They also contain patient goals and nursing interventions.

4. Which of the following descriptions best describes the function of the thyroid gland?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The thyroid gland is responsible for secreting thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), which work to regulate the metabolism of the body's cells. The primary function of the thyroid gland is to control the body's metabolic rate, affecting processes such as heart rate, temperature regulation, and energy levels. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the thyroid gland is not involved in converting glucose into glycogen, secreting cortisol, or affecting skin pigmentation. Instead, the primary role of the thyroid gland is to regulate the metabolism and energy balance in the body.

5. A woman who has lived in the United States for a year after moving from Europe has learned to speak English and is almost finished with her college studies. She now dresses like her peers and says that her family in Europe would hardly recognize her. This situation illustrates which concept?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Assimilation is a unidirectional, linear process moving from unacculturated to acculturated, in which a person develops a new cultural identity and becomes like members of the dominant culture. In this scenario, the woman has adapted to the new culture by learning the language, dressing like her peers, and expressing that her family in Europe would hardly recognize her. This aligns with the process of assimilation. Integration and biculturalism, on the other hand, involve bidirectional and bidimensional processes that induce reciprocal change in both cultures while maintaining aspects of the original culture in one's ethnic identity. Since there is no indication in the question that the woman has retained aspects of her original culture, integration and biculturalism are not the correct concepts. Heritage consistency refers to the degree to which one retains their original or traditional culture, which is not addressed in the scenario provided.

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