a patient suffering from hyperglycemia would be experiencing

NCLEX-RN

NCLEX RN Actual Exam Test Bank

1. A patient suffering from hyperglycemia would be experiencing:

A. Low blood sugar
B. High blood sugar
C. Normal blood sugar
D. None of the above

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Hyperglycemia is a condition characterized by high blood sugar levels. In this state, there is an excess of glucose in the bloodstream. Patients with hyperglycemia are often diagnosed with diabetes. The term 'hyperglycemia' specifically refers to elevated blood sugar levels. Therefore, the correct answer is 'High blood sugar.' Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because hyperglycemia indicates elevated blood sugar levels and not low or normal levels.

2. A client is being assisted to lie in the Sims' position. In what position does the nurse arrange the client?

A. The client lies on his side with the upper leg flexed
B. The client lies on his back with his head lower than his feet
C. The client lies on his abdomen with a pillow supporting his head
D. The client is sitting up at a 90-degree angle

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The Sims' position is a side-lying position used for examinations or comfort. In the Sims' position, the client lies on their side with the upper leg flexed. The abdomen is slightly downward, and the lower arm is positioned behind the body. A pillow can be used to support the leg. Choice B is incorrect as it describes a position with the client lying on their back with the head lower than the feet. Choice C is incorrect as it describes a prone position, not the Sims' position. Choice D is incorrect as it describes a sitting position, not the Sims' position.

3. When placing a patient in the AP position for an X-ray, what position would the patient be in?

A. Facing the X-ray film.
B. Right side against the X-ray film.
C. Left side against the X-ray film.
D. Facing away from the X-ray film

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The AP position stands for Anteroposterior Projection. When a patient is in the AP position for an X-ray, they are facing away from the X-ray film. This positioning allows for a clear view of the structures being imaged from front to back. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because the patient is not facing or positioned against the X-ray film in the AP position, but rather facing away from it to capture the necessary diagnostic information.

4. After a class on culture and ethnicity, the new graduate nurse reflects a correct understanding of the concept of ethnicity with which statement?

A. "Ethnicity is dynamic and ever-changing."?
B. "Ethnicity is the belief in a higher power."?
C. "Ethnicity pertains to a social group that may possess shared traits such as religion and language."?
D. "Ethnicity is learned from birth through the processes of language acquisition and socialization."?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Ethnicity pertains to a social group that may possess shared traits such as common geographic origin, migratory status, religion, language, values, traditions, or symbols and food preferences. Culture is dynamic, ever-changing, and learned from birth through the processes of language acquisition and socialization. Religion is the belief in a higher power. Ethnicity pertains to a social group within the social system that claims to have variable traits, such as a common geographic origin, migratory status, religion, race, language, values, traditions, symbols, or food preferences.

5. During the general survey, what action is a component of the assessment?

A. Observing the patient's body stature and nutritional status
B. Interpreting the subjective information reported by the patient
C. Measuring the patient's temperature, pulse, respirations, and blood pressure
D. Observing specific body systems during the physical assessment

Correct answer: A

Rationale: During the general survey, the nurse assesses the patient's overall appearance, body structure, mobility, and behavior, which includes observing body stature and nutritional status. Interpreting subjective information reported by the patient is part of the subjective data collection process and not the general survey. Measuring vital signs like temperature, pulse, respirations, and blood pressure is part of a focused physical examination, not the general survey. Additionally, observing specific body systems while performing a physical assessment is more specific and focused than the general survey.