a 30 year old caucasian woman who works the night shift has been found to have early bone loss and has a high risk for osteomalacia and bone degradati a 30 year old caucasian woman who works the night shift has been found to have early bone loss and has a high risk for osteomalacia and bone degradati
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NCLEX RN Exam Review Answers

1. Why should a 30-year-old Caucasian woman who works the night shift take Vitamin D supplements?

Correct answer: It helps your intestines absorb calcium, which is important for bone formation.

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'It helps your intestines absorb calcium, which is important for bone formation.' Vitamin D plays a crucial role in aiding the absorption of calcium from the intestines into the bloodstream, which is essential for bone health and formation. Choice A is incorrect because it does not specifically address the role of Vitamin D in calcium absorption. Choice C is incorrect as Vitamin D does not stimulate skin cells to produce calcium; rather, it helps regulate calcium levels in the body. Choice D is incorrect as age alone is not a contraindication for Vitamin D supplementation; the need for supplementation is based on individual health status and risk factors.

2. Jaime has a diagnosis of schizophrenia with negative symptoms. In planning care for the client, Nurse Brienne would anticipate a problem with:

Correct answer: Motivation for activities

Rationale: In clients with negative symptoms of schizophrenia, such as Jaime, a common problem is avolition, which is the lack of motivation for activities. These 'negative' symptoms are characterized by inexpressive faces, blank looks, monotone speech, few gestures, and a seeming lack of interest in the world. Patients may also experience an inability to feel pleasure or act spontaneously. It is crucial to differentiate between the lack of expression and lack of feeling, as well as between lack of will and lack of activity. Auditory hallucinations (choice A) are positive symptoms, not typically associated with negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Bizarre behaviors (choice B) are more aligned with positive symptoms like disorganized behavior. Ideas of reference (choice C) involve incorrectly interpreting casual incidents and external events as having direct reference to oneself, which is not directly related to motivation for activities seen in negative symptoms.

3. The client is in the maintenance stage based on the transtheoretical model of health behavior change. Which stage is the client in?

Correct answer: C: Maintenance

Rationale: The client is in the maintenance stage of human behavior change. During this stage, the client has successfully incorporated the changes into their lifestyle. The maintenance stage typically begins 6 months after the action stage and continues indefinitely. The action stage lasts for 6 months from when the client initially incorporates the changes. In the preparation stage, the client starts realizing that the benefits of change outweigh the disadvantages and starts making small changes to prepare for major changes in the following month. The contemplation stage involves the client considering whether to make changes in the next 6 months. Therefore, in this scenario, the client's consistent adherence to the diet and exercise program for 8 months places them in the maintenance stage of behavior change.

4. Which of the following diseases is caused by the Bordetella pertussis bacterium?

Correct answer: Whooping Cough

Rationale: Bordetella pertussis is the bacterium responsible for causing Whooping Cough, also known as pertussis. Meningitis can be caused by various bacteria, but not specifically by Bordetella pertussis. German Measles, also known as Rubella, and RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) are viral infections and are not caused by the Bordetella pertussis bacterium. Therefore, the correct answer is Whooping Cough, caused by Bordetella pertussis.

5. Which bloodborne pathogen is the most virulent? (Choose the BEST answer.)

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is HCV (Hepatitis C Virus). Hepatitis C is considered the most virulent bloodborne pathogen, being 100 times more virulent than Hepatitis B. HPV (Human Papillomavirus) is a sexually transmitted infection but is not a bloodborne pathogen. HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) affects the immune system but is not as virulent as Hepatitis C in terms of bloodborne transmission. HBV (Hepatitis B Virus) is less virulent compared to HCV in the context of bloodborne transmission.

Similar Questions

The healthcare professional is preparing to measure the length, weight, chest, and head circumference of a 6-month-old infant. Which measurement technique is correct?
The nurse teaches a patient about the transmission of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Which statement, if made by the patient, indicates that teaching was effective?
The nurse is preparing to perform a physical assessment. The correct action by the nurse is reflected by which statement?
A patient with Addison’s disease asks a nurse for nutrition and diet advice. Which of the following diet modifications is not recommended?
A client is being assessed by a nurse for increased anxiety, restlessness, and insomnia. Which of the following interventions is the first priority for the nurse?

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