Free TEAS Science practice for TEAS Science Version 2 (ATI TEAS 7). Answer 50 nursing exam-style questions with rationales, exam mode, and progress tracking on
If A represents atomic mass and Z represents atomic number, which of the following describes an atom after a proton is emitted from its nucleus?
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Explanation:
When a proton is emitted from the nucleus of an atom, the atomic mass (A) remains the same while the atomic number (Z) decreases by 1. This is because a proton carries a positive charge and has a mass of 1 atomic mass unit. Therefore, the correct description after the emission of a proton is A-1, Z-1. The atomic mass decreases by 1 because a proton is lost, and the atomic number decreases by 1 since the nucleus loses a positively charged particle.
In a study, two processes, process A and process B, were found to be correlated. Which of the following statements is true regarding these processes?
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Explanation:
When two processes are correlated, it means changes in one process are linked to changes in the other. However, correlation does not imply causation. Therefore, the study does not establish a causal relationship between process A and process B solely based on correlation. Correlation does not provide information on the direction or cause of the relationship between the processes. It only indicates that the processes vary together in a predictable manner. Hence, option D is correct as the study cannot infer causation from correlation alone.
In scientific inquiry, experiments can only falsify hypotheses, not validate them. Which of the following statements is an accurate restatement of this idea?
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Explanation:
The core concept in scientific inquiry is that experiments can only disprove or falsify hypotheses but cannot definitively validate them. Choice D is the accurate restatement of this idea since it emphasizes that a hypothesis, until proven false, is considered provisional and open to further testing. Options A, B, and C do not align with this principle. Choice A incorrectly suggests that proving a hypothesis stops it from needing further testing, which goes against the idea of continuous testing and refinement in science. Choice B is incorrect as it implies that an explanation remains valid until disproved, which is not in line with the scientific approach of questioning and testing hypotheses. Choice C is irrelevant to the original idea about experiments falsifying hypotheses, as it introduces concepts about direct experimentation rather than focusing on the validation of hypotheses.
Which of the following describes one difference between skeletal and cardiac muscles?
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Explanation:
The correct answer is A because cardiac muscles are involuntary, meaning they are not under conscious control, while skeletal muscles are voluntary, allowing conscious control over their movement. Option B is incorrect as skeletal muscles are not autorhythmic, unlike cardiac muscles. Option C is inaccurate as skeletal muscles are primarily found in the limbs, while cardiac muscles are predominantly located in the heart. Option D is false as skeletal muscles are not autorhythmic; instead, cardiac muscles possess autorhythmicity due to their ability to generate and conduct electrical impulses independently.
What primarily makes up the 'gray matter' of the brain?
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Explanation:
The 'gray matter' of the brain primarily consists of neuron cell bodies. Gray matter is responsible for processing information in the brain as it contains the cell bodies of neurons, dendrites, and unmyelinated axons. Meninges are the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, the corpus callosum is a structure connecting the two brain hemispheres, and neuron cell axons are part of the white matter in the brain.
In order to determine the effects of energy drinks on women's running speed, researchers gave 300 women an energy drink and then recorded the time it took each of them to run 2 miles. After collecting the results, researchers concluded that energy drinks increase the speed of running in women. Which of the following further tests would best help to support this conclusion? Repeat the same experiment, using 300 men.
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Explanation:
To further support the conclusion that energy drinks increase running speed in women, the best approach would be to repeat the experiment with men. By having half of the men run 2 miles (similar to the original experiment with women) and the other half run a longer distance such as 5 miles, researchers can determine if the effects of energy drinks on running speed are consistent across different distances. This design allows for a comparative analysis between genders and varying running distances, providing a more comprehensive understanding of the impact of energy drinks on running performance.
What scientific purpose does an experienced mountaineer serve by deciding to climb Mount Everest, following the same route, season, and using similar materials and equipment as a fatal 1924 expedition?
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Explanation:
The scientific purpose of the experienced mountaineer climbing Mount Everest using the same route, season, and equipment as the 1924 expedition is to assess why the earlier expedition failed. By replicating the conditions of the failed expedition, the mountaineer aims to study the factors that led to its failure, potentially providing valuable insights for future expeditions and safety improvements. This approach allows for a critical analysis of the past expedition's shortcomings, contributing to greater knowledge and safety measures in mountaineering.
Through which of the following transport mechanisms do water molecules enter cells?
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Explanation:
Water molecules enter cells through facilitated diffusion. Facilitated diffusion is the passive movement of molecules across a cell membrane with the help of specific transport proteins. In the case of water, it moves through specialized channels called aquaporins using this mechanism, allowing it to cross the membrane more efficiently than by simple diffusion. While electrochemical gradients, gated channels, and proton pumps play roles in transporting other substances and ions, they are not directly involved in the transport of water molecules into cells.
When an organism with an unknown genotype is crossed with another organism displaying the recessive trait (aa), the Punnett square shown above illustrates the outcomes. What is the unknown genotype?
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Explanation:
In the provided Punnett square, the recessive trait (aa) is displayed. This means the known organism must be homozygous recessive (aa). When crossed with the unknown genotype, which is represented by a capital letter (A), it results in a 50% chance of producing heterozygous offspring (Aa). As the recessive trait is expressed in the outcomes, the unknown genotype must carry the dominant allele (A) alongside the recessive allele (a), making it heterozygous (Aa). Therefore, the correct answer is B, Aa.
What is the triple point of a substance?
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Explanation:
The triple point of a substance refers to the specific temperature and pressure at which the substance can exist in equilibrium as solid, liquid, and gas phases simultaneously. This unique point represents the conditions under which all three phases coexist in equilibrium, allowing for phase transitions without a change in temperature or pressure. It is a crucial concept in thermodynamics and phase diagrams, illustrating the conditions where a substance can exhibit distinct phases simultaneously.
What is the function of the myelin sheath for a nerve cell?
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Explanation:
The myelin sheath functions as an insulator for nerve cells, enabling the rapid transmission of electrical impulses along the nerve fiber. This insulation is essential for maintaining the speed and efficiency of nerve signal conduction. Sensory perception involves detecting sensory stimuli, nutrition involves the supply of nutrients, and regeneration is the process of regrowth or repair, which are distinct functions from what the myelin sheath provides.
Where is genetic information that describes the characteristics of an organism found?
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Explanation:
The genetic information that describes the characteristics of an organism is found in the nuclei. The nucleus contains the organism's DNA, which carries the genetic information responsible for determining the organism's traits and characteristics. Ribosomes are involved in protein synthesis, membranes form boundaries of cells, and cilia are hair-like structures used for movement or sensory functions, but they do not house genetic information.
Which of the following is a component of the integumentary system that secretes pheromones?
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Explanation:
The correct answer is Apocrine glands (Choice A). Apocrine glands are a component of the integumentary system that secretes pheromones. These glands are responsible for producing a type of sweat that contains pheromones, which are chemical signals used for communication between individuals of the same species. Seminiferous tubules (Choice B) are part of the male reproductive system, responsible for producing sperm. Dermal papilla (Choice C) is involved in hair growth and nourishment. Fossa ovalis (Choice D) is a depression in the interatrial septum of the heart. Therefore, the correct choice related to the integumentary system and pheromone secretion is Apocrine glands.
Which class of biological molecules includes enzymes?
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Explanation:
Enzymes are proteins that serve as biological catalysts, accelerating chemical reactions in living organisms. Proteins, a class of biological molecules crucial for the structure and function of cells, tissues, and organs, include enzymes. While carbohydrates, vitamins, and lipids are essential biomolecules, they do not encompass enzymes. Therefore, the correct answer is Proteins (Choice D).
Which of the following structures is an exocrine gland?
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Explanation:
An exocrine gland secretes substances into ducts that lead to other organs or out of the body. The parotid gland is a salivary gland that secretes saliva into the mouth through ducts, making it an exocrine gland. The pituitary gland, parathyroid gland, and pineal gland are endocrine glands, which release hormones directly into the bloodstream. Therefore, the correct answer is the Parotid gland, as it fits the definition of an exocrine gland by secreting substances through ducts.
Which of the following respiratory structures is affected by a disease that disrupts gas exchange, such as emphysema?
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Explanation:
Emphysema is a condition that primarily affects the alveoli in the lungs. Alveoli are tiny air sacs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs. In emphysema, the walls of these air sacs break down, reducing the surface area available for gas exchange. This leads to impaired respiratory function, making it harder for oxygen to enter the bloodstream and for carbon dioxide to be removed. Therefore, the correct answer is the alveoli (Choice B).
From which region of the intestine does the vermiform appendix extend, known as which of the following?
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Explanation:
The correct answer is B, Cecum. The vermiform appendix, a small tube-like structure, extends from the cecum, located in the lower right quadrant of the abdomen. Knowing the anatomical relationships among different intestinal parts is essential for identifying the appendix's origin.
When a volcano erupts, its actions are similar to which of the following events?
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Explanation:
When a volcano erupts, it releases built-up pressure, gases, and magma explosively, similar to the fizzing action of a can of soda when it is opened. Just like how gas in a soda can causes pressure and fizz when released, the pressure within a volcano causes an explosive release of material during an eruption. This makes choice B the most analogous event to a volcanic eruption among the options provided. The other options do not capture the sudden, forceful, and explosive nature of a volcanic eruption.
Which one of the following structures drains oxygen-depleted blood from the kidneys?
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Explanation:
The correct answer is D, Renal vein. The renal vein is responsible for draining oxygen-depleted blood from the kidneys back to the heart for reoxygenation. The ureter carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder, the renal artery supplies oxygenated blood to the kidneys, and the urethra is the tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the body. Therefore, in the context of blood drainage from the kidneys, the renal vein is the correct choice.
What distinguishes endocrine and exocrine glands from one another?
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Explanation:
The correct answer is B. The presence or absence of ducts is the key factor that distinguishes endocrine and exocrine glands. Endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream without ducts, while exocrine glands secrete substances through ducts to the external environment or onto a surface. Choice A is incorrect because both types of glands can have different biochemistries in their secretions. Choice C is incorrect because both types of glands can receive nerve innervation. Choice D is incorrect as it does not differentiate between endocrine and exocrine glands based on the effect of their secretions on target cells.
Which of the following organs removes nitrogenous waste from the body?
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Explanation:
The correct answer is C, Kidneys. The kidneys are essential organs responsible for filtering waste products, including nitrogenous wastes like urea and creatinine, from the blood to form urine. The other organs listed have different primary functions. The gallbladder stores bile produced by the liver, which aids in digestion. The liver has various metabolic functions but is not primarily involved in removing nitrogenous waste. The large intestines mainly absorb water and electrolytes from feces, not nitrogenous waste. Therefore, the kidneys are the specific organs designed to remove nitrogenous waste from the body.
Which of the following substances is excreted by sweat glands in response to the breakdown of proteins and the formation of ammonia?
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Explanation:
Urea is the correct answer. Sweat glands excrete urea in response to the breakdown of proteins and the formation of ammonia. Urea is a waste product resulting from the breakdown of proteins in the liver and is excreted in urine as well as through sweat. Sebum is an oily substance produced by the skin's sebaceous glands, water is excreted by various means but is not specifically a result of protein breakdown, and lysozymes are enzymes that help protect the body against bacterial infections.
In pea plants, green pod color (G)is dominant to yellow pod color (g). A cross was done between a plant with green pods and plant with yellow pods. Of the resulting offspring. 50% had green pods and 50% had yellow pods. Which of the following we the genotypes of both present plants?
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Explanation:
The 50% green and 50% yellow offspring suggests that one parent was heterozygous (Gg) and the other was homozygous recessive (gg), leading to a 1:1 ratio of green to yellow.
Which of the following structures is present in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
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Explanation:
The correct answer is the cell membrane (choice A). The cell membrane is a vital structure present in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. It plays a crucial role as a selectively permeable barrier, controlling the movement of substances into and out of the cell. On the other hand, chromoplasts, Golgi apparatus, and endoplasmic reticulum are specific organelles found only in eukaryotic cells. Chromoplasts are responsible for pigment synthesis, Golgi apparatus is involved in protein processing and packaging, and endoplasmic reticulum is crucial for lipid synthesis and protein folding. Therefore, the cell membrane is the correct choice as it is the common feature shared by both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
What action would result in an increase in the rate of a chemical reaction?
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Explanation:
Grinding a solid reactant to a powder increases the surface area exposed to other reactants, leading to more frequent collisions and a faster reaction rate. This process enhances the chances of successful collisions, hence accelerating the reaction. The other options do not directly impact the rate of a chemical reaction in the same manner. Adding more of the reactants provides more reactant particles to collide, promoting a higher reaction rate. Decreasing the temperature of the reactants generally slows down reactions by reducing the kinetic energy of the particles. Sealing the reaction in an airtight container may affect the equilibrium but not necessarily the reaction rate.
Which of the following atoms is most likely to become a cation?
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Explanation:
Among the options provided, Potassium is the most likely atom to become a cation. Atoms tend to form cations by losing electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration. Potassium has 19 electrons and only needs to lose one electron to attain an electron configuration similar to the nearest noble gas, argon. This loss of an electron leads to the formation of a potassium cation with a +1 charge.
Which of the following cells transfers pigment granules to adjust epidermal cells?
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Explanation:
Melanocytes are the cells responsible for transferring pigment granules to adjust epidermal cells. Melanocytes produce melanin, the pigment that gives skin its color and provides protection against UV radiation. Once produced, melanin is transferred to neighboring skin cells, primarily keratinocytes, to distribute the pigment throughout the epidermis. Merkel cells are associated with the sense of touch, not pigment transfer. Keratinocytes are the predominant cells in the epidermis that produce keratin, a structural protein for skin, nails, and hair. Langerhans cells are part of the immune system in the skin, helping to recognize and respond to foreign invaders.
Where does fertilization of an egg cell typically occur?
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Explanation:
Fertilization of an egg cell typically occurs in the fallopian tube. After ovulation, the egg is released from the ovary and travels through the fallopian tube, where it may encounter sperm for fertilization. The fertilized egg, known as a zygote, then moves into the uterus for implantation and further development into an embryo.
Which of the following pathways best represents the flow of blood from the human heart to organs?
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Explanation:
The correct pathway for the flow of blood from the human heart to organs involves a series of blood vessels. Blood is pumped from the heart into large arteries, which then branch into smaller arterioles. These arterioles deliver blood to capillaries located in the organs. Capillaries are essential for the exchange of nutrients, gases, and waste products between the blood and the tissues. This intricate network ensures efficient delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the organs and removal of waste products. Therefore, the correct sequence is for blood to flow from the heart, through arteries, then arterioles, and finally to capillaries in the organs for optimal exchange and organ function.
Which type of joint is the hip an example of?
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Explanation:
The correct answer is C: Ball-and-socket. The hip joint is a ball-and-socket joint, allowing for a wide range of motion in multiple directions. This joint type permits flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation. Hinge joints, like the knee, allow movement in one plane, similar to a door hinge. Gliding joints permit limited sliding movements. Pivot joints allow rotation around a single axis.
Which of the following is an example of a biological macromolecule?
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Explanation:
The correct answer is B, 'Protein.' Proteins are biological macromolecules composed of amino acid chains. They play vital roles in cellular functions, including catalyzing reactions, providing structural support, and acting as signaling molecules. Monosaccharides are simple sugars, nucleic acids are genetic materials such as DNA and RNA, and amino acids are the fundamental units that make up proteins.
Which of the following demonstrates a chemical reaction involving water?
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Explanation:
The correct answer is D because when water reacts with sodium metal, it produces hydrogen gas, indicating a chemical reaction. Options A, B, and C involve physical changes or processes like separation, phase change, and dissolution, respectively, which do not involve a chemical reaction. In option A, oil and water separating is a physical change due to differences in polarity. Option B describes a physical change where water undergoes a phase change from liquid to gas. Option C involves a physical change as sugar dissolves in water through a physical process without a chemical reaction occurring.
Which component of an atom has relatively little mass that is considered negligible when calculating the atomic mass number?
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Explanation:
The correct answer is C: Electron. Electrons have significantly less mass compared to protons and neutrons, making their contribution to the atomic mass number negligible. When calculating the atomic mass, the mass of electrons is typically not factored in due to their minimal mass compared to the other components of the atom. While protons and neutrons contribute significantly to the atomic mass number, electrons, due to their much smaller mass, are considered to have a negligible impact on the overall calculation. Therefore, electrons can be disregarded when determining the atomic mass of an atom.
Which hormone regulates blood calcium levels?
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Explanation:
Parathyroid hormone is the correct answer. It plays a crucial role in regulating blood calcium levels by increasing calcium levels in the blood through stimulating the release of calcium from bones and enhancing calcium absorption in the intestines. Produced by the parathyroid glands, this hormone helps maintain calcium homeostasis in the body.
Which of the following tissues lines the interior surfaces of the heart?
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Explanation:
The correct answer is C, Endocardium. The endocardium is the innermost layer of tissue that lines the interior surfaces of the heart, providing a smooth surface for blood flow. This smooth lining helps reduce friction as blood passes through the heart chambers. The epicardium is the outermost layer of the heart, the myocardium is the middle muscular layer responsible for the heart's contractions, and the pericardium is the protective sac surrounding the heart and providing support to the heart's structures.
Among the following molecules, which one contains the fewest covalent bonds?
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Explanation:
The correct answer is C. The chlorine molecule (Cl2) contains the fewest covalent bonds as it consists of two chlorine atoms sharing a single covalent bond. Water (H2O), methane (CH4), and ammonia (NH3) involve multiple atoms bonded together, leading to more covalent bonds compared to the chlorine molecule. Hence, among the options provided, the chlorine molecule has the least number of covalent bonds.
Which of the following processes causes most of the carbon dioxide from the blood to move into the alveoli?
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Explanation:
The correct answer is A: Diffusion down a concentration gradient. In the alveoli, carbon dioxide moves from an area of higher concentration in the blood to an area of lower concentration in the alveolar air sacs. This movement occurs through simple diffusion, which does not require energy or carrier proteins. Active transport (B) requires energy input from the cell, while conversion to carbon monoxide (C) or conversion to carbon dioxide (D) are not processes involved in the movement of carbon dioxide from the blood to the alveoli.
Which of the following tools can be used to measure the turbidity of a liquid by assessing the transmission of light through the sample?
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Explanation:
A spectrophotometer is an instrument commonly employed to determine the amount of light absorbed by a substance in a liquid sample. Turbidity, the cloudiness or haziness of a liquid due to suspended particles, can be quantified using a spectrophotometer by analyzing the transmission of light through the sample. In contrast, a microdensitometer measures optical density, an electrophoresis apparatus separates macromolecules based on size and charge, and a centrifuge isolates substances according to density or size via centrifugal force. None of the alternative tools directly relate to assessing turbidity through light transmission, making option A, the spectrophotometer, the correct choice.
Which of the following contains a human's hereditary information?
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Explanation:
The correct answer is C: Chromatin. Chromatin is a complex of DNA and proteins found in the nucleus of a cell. It serves to package the DNA into a condensed structure, which aids in its regulation and gene expression. Plasmids are small DNA molecules typically found in bacteria, histones are proteins that assist in organizing DNA into nucleosomes, and ATP is a molecule involved in cellular energy transfer. None of these choices contain the specific hereditary information unique to humans, which is encapsulated within chromatin.
Which of the following organelles is the site of intracellular digestion?
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Explanation:
Lysosomes are the organelles responsible for intracellular digestion within the cell. These specialized vesicles contain various enzymes that break down different molecules, such as old cell components or foreign substances. This breakdown process aids in cellular maintenance, recycling of materials, and waste elimination. Ribosomes are primarily involved in protein synthesis, centrosomes are essential for cell division processes, and mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell, producing energy in the form of ATP. Therefore, the correct answer is B, Lysosomes, as they are specifically designed for intracellular digestion.
Which of the following types of cells stimulates other immune cells to attack and destroy foreign agents?
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Explanation:
Helper T-cells play a crucial role in coordinating the immune response by activating and directing other immune cells, such as cytotoxic T-cells and macrophages, to attack and eliminate foreign invaders. They achieve this through the release of signaling molecules called cytokines, which regulate the immune system's response to infections and other challenges. Helper T-cells are also involved in activating B-cells to produce antibodies. Natural killer cells, on the other hand, are part of the innate immune system and can directly kill infected or abnormal cells without prior activation.
Which of the following nucleotides is only found in RNA?
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Explanation:
The correct answer is B: Uracil. Uracil is a nucleotide base that is specifically found in RNA. In DNA, thymine replaces uracil. Adenine, guanine, and cytosine are nucleotides present in both RNA and DNA. Understanding the unique nucleotide composition of RNA and DNA is essential in molecular biology to comprehend the genetic information flow and transcription processes accurately. RNA uses uracil instead of thymine, which is a key distinction between the two nucleic acids.
Which of the following is supported by the following data?
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Explanation:
The correct answer is C. The data provided shows different objects with varying masses falling for different durations. The observation that the time of fall varies with mass indicates that the time of fall is independent of the mass of the object, as seen from the given data. This supports the concept that in a vacuum or other situations where air resistance is negligible, objects of different masses will fall at the same rate, following the principle of gravitational acceleration acting equally on all objects regardless of their mass.
Why does dipping an apple slice in lemon juice prevent it from browning through an enzymatic reaction?
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Explanation:
The correct answer is A: Lemon juice has a pH that inactivates the enzymes. Enzymatic browning in apples is caused by the enzyme polyphenol oxidase. When an apple is sliced, the enzyme comes into contact with oxygen in the air, leading to the browning process. Lemon juice contains citric acid, which lowers the pH of the apple's surface, creating an acidic environment that inactivates the polyphenol oxidase enzyme, thus preventing the browning reaction. This acidic environment denatures the enzyme, rendering it unable to catalyze the browning reaction. Therefore, by dipping the apple slice in lemon juice, the enzymatic activity that causes browning is effectively inhibited, maintaining the apple's color and freshness.
Which of the following characteristics of water helps explain why coastal areas experience less dramatic temperature changes during the day than more inland areas?
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Explanation:
The correct answer is C. Water has a high specific heat capacity, meaning it can absorb and store a large amount of heat energy before its temperature rises significantly. This characteristic allows water to moderate temperature changes by absorbing heat during the day and releasing it slowly at night, resulting in less dramatic temperature fluctuations along coastal areas compared to inland areas. Water's adhesive properties (choice A) do not directly contribute to moderating temperature changes. While being a versatile solvent (choice B) is a notable property of water, it is not the primary reason for the specific temperature moderation observed in coastal areas. Water forming covalent bonds with other water molecules (choice D) is more related to its molecular structure rather than its role in temperature moderation.
Which of the following correctly orders structures from simple to complex?
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Explanation:
The correct order of structures from simple to complex is atoms, cells, tissues, and organs. Atoms are the fundamental units of matter. Cells are the basic units of life composed of atoms. Tissues are formed by groups of cells working together. Organs consist of different tissues functioning together for specific purposes. Therefore, the correct sequence goes from the simplest structure, atoms, to the most complex structure, organs.
Which organelle in a eukaryotic cell is responsible for producing ATP?
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Explanation:
The correct answer is A, Mitochondria. Mitochondria are commonly referred to as the powerhouse of the cell because they play a crucial role in generating energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration. Lysosomes are mainly involved in cellular waste management, the nucleus houses genetic material, and centrioles aid in cell division. Thus, among the organelles listed, the mitochondria is primarily responsible for ATP production in eukaryotic cells.
Which structure of the female reproductive system is the source of the blood and mucosal tissue during menstruation?
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Explanation:
The correct answer is B: Endometrium. The endometrium is the inner lining of the uterus where an embryo implants during pregnancy. If no pregnancy occurs, the endometrial lining sheds during menstruation, leading to the discharge of blood and mucosal tissue. The fallopian tubes are responsible for transporting the egg from the ovary to the uterus. The cervix is the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina. The ovaries produce eggs and hormones, but they are not the source of blood and mucosal tissue during menstruation.
What is the term given to the sequence of nucleotides that contains the information to make a specific protein molecule?
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Explanation:
The correct answer is A: Gene. A gene is the term used to describe the sequence of nucleotides that contains the information necessary to synthesize a specific protein molecule. Genes act as the fundamental units of heredity and provide the instructions for building proteins, which play crucial roles in various biological processes within an organism. In contrast, a locus refers to the specific position or location of a gene on a chromosome. Promoter is a regulatory region of DNA that initiates the transcription process for a particular gene, while an operator is a DNA segment that interacts with a repressor protein to modulate the expression of neighboring genes.
Which of the following is classified as a noninfectious disease?
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Explanation:
Psoriasis is classified as a noninfectious disease because it is linked to an overactive immune system that leads to skin inflammation and rapid skin cell growth. Unlike infectious diseases such as Dengue, Chikungunya, and Brucellosis, which are caused by bacteria, viruses, or other pathogens, Psoriasis does not spread through pathogens. Therefore, Psoriasis is the correct choice for a noninfectious disease.
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