Nursing Elites

1. Which behavior indicates that the client has learned the most effective method to cope with anger?

• A. Goes for a long jog
• B. Talks about the anger
• C. Goes outside and screams
• D. Focuses on cause of anger

Correct answer: Talks about the anger

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Talks about the anger.' This response indicates that the client has learned a positive coping method, as discussing angry feelings is a healthier way of dealing with anger. Talking about anger allows for expression and communication, leading to a better understanding of the emotions involved. Going for a long jog or screaming outside may provide temporary relief, but they do not address the root cause or help in processing the emotions effectively. Focusing solely on the cause of anger without expressing feelings may lead to increased frustration and escalation of anger, rather than promoting constructive coping mechanisms.

2. What is a priority goal of involuntary hospitalization of the severely mentally ill client?

• A. Re-orientation to reality
• B. Elimination of symptoms
• C. Protection from harm to self or others
• D. Return to independent functioning

Correct answer: Protection from harm to self or others

Rationale: The priority goal of involuntary hospitalization of severely mentally ill clients is to ensure protection from harm to self or others. Involuntary hospitalization is often necessary for individuals who are deemed dangerous to themselves or others or who are considered gravely disabled. Re-orientation to reality, elimination of symptoms, and return to independent functioning are important aspects of mental health care but are not the primary goals of involuntary hospitalization. The main focus during involuntary hospitalization is to address safety concerns and prevent harm.

3. A client undergoing presurgical testing before a total abdominal hysterectomy says to the nurse, 'After I have this surgery I know my husband will never come near me again.' Which response would the nurse give?

• A. You're underestimating how your husband will respond to your surgery.
• B. You're concerned about the effect on your sexual relations.
• C. You're worried that the surgery will change how others see you.
• D. You're concerned about how your husband will respond to your surgery.

Correct answer: You're concerned about how your husband will respond to your surgery.

Rationale: The correct response acknowledges the client's expressed concern about her husband's reaction to the surgery, encouraging further discussion without imposing the nurse's assumptions. Choice A reframes the client's concern to focus on the husband's response, aligning more closely with the client's stated worry. Choice B makes an assumption about the client's concerns regarding sexual relations, which may not be the primary focus of her statement. Choice C shifts the attention to how others perceive the client, deviating from the client's specific reference to her husband's reaction, thus not addressing the client's main concern.

4. A client has been diagnosed with depression, and a nurse is assisting them. Which of the following is an example of a short-term outcome as part of the nursing process for this client?

• A. Client will verbalize that depression symptoms have lifted
• B. Client will identify life stressors that may be contributing to depression
• C. Client's insomnia will be resolved as evidenced by 8 hours of sleep each night
• D. Client will identify a mental health counselor in the community with whom they can meet for ongoing therapy

Correct answer: Client will identify life stressors that may be contributing to depression

Rationale: In the nursing process for a client with depression, short-term outcomes are goals that need to be achieved before advancing towards long-term outcomes. Identifying life stressors that may be contributing to the depression is a crucial initial step. This process helps the client work through feelings of grief or sadness before moving on to long-term goals like therapy and depression management. Choice A is not a short-term outcome as the lifting of depression symptoms is usually a long-term goal. Choice C focuses on resolving insomnia, which is a symptom of depression, but not directly addressing the root cause. Choice D involves identifying a mental health counselor for ongoing therapy, which is more aligned with a long-term treatment plan, rather than a short-term outcome.

5. A 5-year-old child has been recently admitted to the hospital. According to Erik Erikson’s psychosocial development stages, the child is in which stage?

• A. Trust vs. mistrust
• B. Initiative vs. guilt
• C. Autonomy vs. shame and doubt
• D. Intimacy vs. isolation

Correct answer: Initiative vs. guilt

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Initiative vs. guilt.' According to Erik Erikson's psychosocial development stages, children aged 3-6 years old are in the stage of initiative versus guilt. During this stage, children begin to assert their power and control over the environment. They develop a sense of purpose and direction, but may also experience feelings of guilt if they believe their actions have caused harm or conflict. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. 'Trust vs. mistrust' is the first stage for infants, 'Autonomy vs. shame and doubt' is the second stage for toddlers, and 'Intimacy vs. isolation' is a stage that occurs later in adulthood.

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