Nursing Elites

1. A client states that she is angry and feels rejected by her boyfriend. Which action would the nurse encourage?

• A. Call the boyfriend to work things out.
• B. Avoid confronting the boyfriend.
• C. Date new people whenever possible.
• D. Learn to constructively vent anger.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is to encourage the client to learn to constructively vent anger. Coping mechanisms, such as venting anger, can help the client address feelings of rejection. Calling the boyfriend to work things out is offering unsolicited advice and may not be effective in managing emotions. Avoiding confronting the boyfriend may reduce anxiety temporarily but will not assist in resolving the underlying issues. Encouraging the client to date new people whenever possible is not appropriate at this stage, as it is essential for the client to work through the current crisis before considering new relationships.

2. Which nursing intervention helps foster the development of a trusting parent-child relationship?

• A. Placing the infant in a crib with a mobile or soft toy
• B. Discouraging eye contact when the infant is irritable
• C. Putting objects several inches in front of the infant for viewing
• D. Encouraging face-to-face contact between the parents and infant

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Encouraging face-to-face contact between parents and infants is crucial in fostering a trusting parent-child relationship. Eye-to-eye contact promotes interaction and bonding, helping the infant develop trust in their caregivers. Placing the infant in a crib with a mobile or soft toy may provide stimulation but does not directly contribute to the emotional bonding necessary for trust. Discouraging eye contact when the infant is irritable can hinder communication and connection. Putting objects in front of the infant for viewing is beneficial for visual stimulation but does not actively promote the emotional attachment and trust that face-to-face contact does.

3. During a discussion about glaucoma at the community center, which comment by one of the retirees would the nurse give a supportive comment to reinforce correct information?

• A. ''I usually avoid driving at night since lights sometimes seem to make things blur.''
• B. ''I take half of the usual dose for my sinuses to maintain my blood pressure.''
• C. ''I have to sit at the side of the pool with the grandchildren since I can't swim with this eye problem.''
• D. ''I take extra fiber and drink lots of water to avoid getting constipated.''

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is ''I take extra fiber and drink lots of water to avoid getting constipated.'' In individuals with glaucoma, activities that involve straining, such as constipation, should be avoided as they can increase intraocular pressure. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not align with the management of glaucoma. Driving at night or taking sinus medication are not directly related to glaucoma, and sitting by the pool due to an eye problem does not provide information relevant to managing glaucoma.

4. What action would be most appropriate for the nurse to minimize agitation in a disturbed client?

• A. Ensure minimal staff contact.
• B. Increase environmental sensory stimulation.
• C. Limit unnecessary interactions with the client.
• D. Discuss reasons for the client's suspicions.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The most appropriate action to minimize agitation in a disturbed client is to limit unnecessary interactions. This approach helps reduce stimulation, thus decreasing agitation. Constant staff contact can lead to increased stimulation and agitation. Increasing environmental sensory stimulation can overwhelm the client's senses and escalate agitation. Discussing suspicions may not be beneficial as not all disturbed clients are suspicious and the client may not be in a state to engage in such discussions effectively.

5. Which of the following mental health situations is considered a psychiatric emergency?

• A. Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)
• B. Depression with melancholic features
• C. Major depressive episode with psychotic features
• D. Bipolar depression

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A major depressive episode with psychotic features is considered a psychiatric emergency because it poses a significant risk to the individual's safety. Psychotic features in depression can include hallucinations, delusions, or other severe symptoms that require immediate intervention. While Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) and depression with melancholic features are serious conditions, they do not inherently represent an acute emergency that necessitates immediate hospitalization. Bipolar depression, although severe, does not inherently involve psychotic symptoms that would classify it as a psychiatric emergency requiring immediate intervention. It's crucial to recognize the urgency and severity of major depressive episodes with psychotic features to ensure appropriate and timely treatment.

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