1. Which vitamin is known to play a vital role in immune function?

A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin B12
C. Vitamin D
D. Vitamin E

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is Vitamin D. Vitamin D is known to play a vital role in immune function as it helps regulate the immune system's response to infections and reduces inflammation. It is involved in the production of antimicrobial peptides that help fight off pathogens. Vitamin A is important for vision and skin health, Vitamin B12 is essential for red blood cell formation and neurological function, and Vitamin E is an antioxidant that protects cells from damage. However, Vitamin D specifically stands out for its crucial role in supporting the immune system, making it the correct answer in this context.

2. Which of the following is NOT a symptom of asthma, a chronic respiratory condition?

A. Wheezing
B. Difficulty breathing
C. Chest tightness
D. Fever

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: "Fever." Fever is not a symptom commonly associated with asthma. Asthma symptoms typically include wheezing (A), difficulty breathing (B), and chest tightness (C). Wheezing is a high-pitched whistling sound that occurs during breathing, while difficulty breathing refers to the feeling of not getting enough air. Chest tightness is a common sensation of pressure or constriction in the chest. Fever is not a typical symptom of asthma but may occur in other respiratory conditions or infections. Therefore, fever is the correct answer as it does not align with the typical symptom profile of asthma.

3. What part of speech is the underlined word in the sentence "The students eagerly awaited the results"?

A. Verb
B. Noun
C. Adjective
D. Adverb

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Option B identifies "results" as the direct object of the verb "awaited," making it a noun.

4. The fossil record shows that dinosaurs with feathers existed millions of years before birds. This is evidence for

A. Convergent evolution (unrelated organisms evolving similar traits)
B. Divergent evolution (related organisms evolving different traits)
C. Coevolution (two species influencing each other's evolution)
D. The extinction of dinosaurs due to an asteroid impact

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: The fossil record indicating that dinosaurs had feathers before birds suggests convergent evolution. Convergent evolution occurs when unrelated organisms independently evolve similar traits to adapt to similar environmental pressures. In this case, both dinosaurs and birds developed feathers for flight or insulation purposes, even though they are not closely related. This evidence supports the concept of convergent evolution rather than divergent evolution, coevolution, or the extinction of dinosaurs due to an asteroid impact.

5. Chyle, a milky white fluid, is transported by lymphatic vessels from the:

A. Lungs
B. Intestines
C. Kidneys
D. Skin

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Intestines. Chyle is a milky white fluid that is formed in the small intestine during digestion, mainly from the absorption of dietary fats. It is rich in fats and lymphocytes. Lymphatic vessels in the intestines, called lacteals, absorb the chyle and transport it through the lymphatic system. Chyle eventually enters the bloodstream via the thoracic duct. The lungs are responsible for gas exchange, not the transport of chyle. The kidneys are involved in filtering blood and producing urine. The skin is the body's largest organ responsible for protection, temperature regulation, and sensation, but it is not involved in transporting chyle.