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ATI TEAS 7

Biology

1. What is the role of transfer RNA (tRNA) in protein synthesis?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: A) Transcribes DNA into mRNA: This is the function of RNA polymerase, not transfer RNA (tRNA). tRNA is involved in protein synthesis, not transcription. B) Decodes the genetic code on mRNA: This is the function of tRNA during translation. tRNA molecules carry specific amino acids and recognize the codons on mRNA, ensuring the correct amino acid is added to the growing polypeptide chain. C) Carries specific amino acids to the ribosomes: This is the primary role of tRNA in protein synthesis. Each tRNA molecule is specific for a particular amino acid and carries it to the ribosome, where it is added to the growing protein chain. D) Modifies the structure of proteins: This is not a function of tRNA. Protein modification can occur after translation is complete and involves other cellular processes and molecules.

2. Differentiate between genotype and phenotype in the context of gene expression.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: - Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, including all the genes and alleles it possesses. - Phenotype, on the other hand, refers to the observable physical characteristics or traits of an organism, which result from the interaction between its genotype and the environment. - While genotype represents the genetic potential or range of traits that an organism can express, phenotype reflects the actual expression of specific traits. - Therefore, option B correctly captures the distinction between genotype and phenotype in the context of gene expression.

3. What is the correct way to write "25th anniversary" as a word?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Ordinals (numbers with "th", "st", "nd", etc.) are generally written as words when used before nouns. Option (d) is correct.

4. A lampshade is shaped like a frustum of a cone, with base diameters of 20cm and 10cm and a height of 15cm. What is its volume?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: This requires dividing the frustum into two cones and calculating their individual volumes before subtracting them. The formula for a cone frustum involves the radii of both bases and the height.

5. What happens to the force of gravity between two objects when the distance between them is doubled?

Correct answer: d

Rationale: According to the inverse square law of gravity, the force of gravity decreases by a factor of 4 when the distance between two objects is doubled.

6. Which of the following is a characteristic of unsaturated fatty acids?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Unsaturated fatty acids contain double or triple bonds in their hydrocarbon chains. The other choices do not accurately describe unsaturated fatty acids.

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