ATI TEAS 7
Biology
1. What is the role of transfer RNA (tRNA) in protein synthesis?
- A. Transcribes DNA into mRNA
- B. Decodes the genetic code on mRNA
- C. Carries specific amino acids to the ribosomes bas(a) Carries amino acids to the ribosomes: This is the function of transfer RNA (tRNA), not ribosomal RNA. (b) Reads the genetic code on mRNA: This is the function of the ribosomes as a whole, not just the ribosomal RNA. (d) Controls the rate of protein synthesis: This is a more complex process involving various factors, not solely ribosomal RNA. ? ed on the mRNA
- D. Modifies the structure of proteins
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: A) Transcribes DNA into mRNA: This is the function of RNA polymerase, not transfer RNA (tRNA). tRNA is involved in protein synthesis, not transcription. B) Decodes the genetic code on mRNA: This is the function of tRNA during translation. tRNA molecules carry specific amino acids and recognize the codons on mRNA, ensuring the correct amino acid is added to the growing polypeptide chain. C) Carries specific amino acids to the ribosomes: This is the primary role of tRNA in protein synthesis. Each tRNA molecule is specific for a particular amino acid and carries it to the ribosome, where it is added to the growing protein chain. D) Modifies the structure of proteins: This is not a function of tRNA. Protein modification can occur after translation is complete and involves other cellular processes and molecules.
2. What is the scientific name for the common housefly?
- A. Musca domestica
- B. Drosophila melanogaster
- C. Apis mellifera
- D. Anopheles gambiae
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: - Musca domestica is the scientific name for the common housefly. This species is known for being a common pest found in and around human habitations. - Drosophila melanogaster (option B) is a species of fruit fly commonly used in genetic research. - Apis mellifera (option C) is the scientific name for the western honeybee. - Anopheles gambiae (option D) is a species of mosquito known for being a vector of malaria.
3. You design an experiment to test the effect of temperature on plant growth. Which variable should you keep constant?
- A. The type of soil used.
- B. The amount of sunlight the plants receive.
- C. The amount of water given to the plants.
- D. The temperature variations being tested.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: In this experiment, the variable being tested is the effect of temperature on plant growth. To ensure that any observed changes in plant growth are due to temperature variations and not other factors, it is important to keep other variables constant. The type of soil used can significantly impact plant growth, so it should be kept constant to isolate the effect of temperature. Keeping the amount of sunlight and water constant would also help ensure that any differences in plant growth are due to temperature variations.
4. She notes that there is an increasing unrest of the staff due to fatigue brought about by
- A. Evaluate the overall result of the unrest
- B. Initiate a group interaction
- C. Develop a plan and implement it
- D. Identify external and internal forces.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Develop a plan and implement it.' In the given scenario, the staff is experiencing unrest due to fatigue, which is a serious issue affecting their well-being and productivity. By developing a plan to address the fatigue issue and implementing it effectively, the organization can provide necessary support to the staff, improve working conditions, and enhance overall morale and performance. This proactive approach is crucial in maintaining a healthy work environment and ensuring the well-being of the staff members. Options A, B, and D do not directly address the root cause of fatigue and unrest among the staff, making them less suitable answers.
5. What property of matter refers to the amount of space occupied by an object?
- A. Mass
- B. Volume
- C. Weight
- D. Density
Correct answer: b
Rationale: Volume measures the amount of space occupied by an object.
6. The phrase "green alternative" suggests that bioremediation is...
- A. The most economical option for plastic cleanup.
- B. Faster and more efficient than traditional methods.
- C. Environmentally friendly and less harmful than other solutions.
- D. More aesthetically pleasing than existing approaches.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The passage contrasts bioremediation with "traditional methods," explicitly linking it to being environmentally friendly.
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