1. The framework of bones, cartilage, ligaments, and tendons that provides structure, support, and facilitates movement is the:

A. Muscular system
B. Skeletal system
C. Nervous system
D. Endocrine system

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Skeletal system. The skeletal system is composed of bones, cartilage, ligaments, and tendons that work together to provide structure, support, and facilitate movement in the body. The bones serve as the framework that supports and protects the body's organs, while cartilage cushions the joints. Ligaments connect bones to each other, and tendons connect muscles to bones, allowing for movement. The muscular system (choice A) consists of muscles that work with the skeletal system to produce movement. The nervous system (choice C) controls and coordinates bodily functions through the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. The endocrine system (choice D) regulates various bodily functions through the release of hormones. Therefore, the skeletal system is the correct answer as it specifically refers to the framework of bones, cartilage, ligaments, and tendons that support and enable movement in the body.

2. What happens to the wavelength of a wave when its frequency increases while the speed remains constant?

A. Wavelength increases
B. Wavelength decreases
C. Wavelength remains the same
D. Wavelength becomes zero

Correct answer: b

Rationale: When the frequency of a wave increases while the speed remains constant, the wavelength decreases.

3. You need to fill a rectangular swimming pool with dimensions 10 meters by 5 meters and a depth of 2 meters. How many cubic meters of water does it take to fill the pool?

A. 50 cu m
B. 100 cu m
C. 150 cu m
D. 200 cu m

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Simply multiply the pool's dimensions to find its volume.

4. What is the difference between polygenic inheritance and pleiotropy?

A. Polygenic inheritance involves multiple genes influencing one trait, while pleiotropy involves one gene affecting multiple traits.
B. Polygenic inheritance is found in simple Mendelian traits, while pleiotropy is found in complex traits.
C. Polygenic inheritance is always quantitative, while pleiotropy can be qualitative or quantitative.
D. Both involve multiple genes and multiple traits, but the specific mechanisms differ

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: - Polygenic inheritance refers to the situation where a trait is influenced by multiple genes, each contributing a small effect to the phenotype. These traits often show continuous variation and are not easily categorized into discrete categories. - Pleiotropy, on the other hand, occurs when a single gene influences multiple, seemingly unrelated traits. This means that a mutation in one gene can lead to multiple phenotypic effects across different traits or characteristics. - Therefore, the key difference between polygenic inheritance and pleiotropy lies in the number of genes involved in influencing a trait (multiple genes in polygenic inheritance vs. one gene in pleiotropy) and the direction of influence (one trait affected by multiple genes in polygenic inheritance vs. multiple traits affected by one gene in pleiotropy).

5. How does the mass of an object affect its inertia?

A. Mass has no impact on inertia
B. Higher mass increases inertia
C. Higher mass decreases inertia
D. Mass influences gravitational force, not inertia

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Inertia is the resistance of an object to changes in its state of motion. The greater the mass of an object, the greater its inertia because it requires more force to change its state of motion. This is in line with Newton's first law of motion, which states that an object at rest will stay at rest, and an object in motion will stay in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an external force.

6. What is the protective fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord?

A. Blood
B. Cerebrospinal fluid
C. Myelin sheath
D. Insulin

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cerebrospinal fluid. This fluid acts as a cushion for the brain and spinal cord, providing protection from impacts. Blood is essential for transporting nutrients and oxygen, but it does not directly surround or protect these vital nervous system structures. Myelin sheath is a fatty substance that insulates nerve fibers, not the fluid surrounding the nervous system. Insulin is a hormone involved in regulating blood sugar levels and is not related to protecting the brain and spinal cord.