Nursing Elites

1. What is the term for a substance that can act as both a proton donor and a proton acceptor?

• A. Acid
• B. Base
• C. Amphiprotic
• D. Neutral

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Amphiprotic substances can act as both a proton donor and a proton acceptor. The other choices are specific to either acids or bases.

2. A medication dosage is listed as 1/4 gram. What is the equivalent dosage in milligrams (1 gram = 1000 milligrams)?

• A. 125mg
• B. 250mg
• C. 375mg
• D. 500mg

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Multiply the gram dosage (1/4) by the conversion factor (1000mg/gram) to get 250 milligrams.

3. The process of a gas changing into a liquid is called:

• A. Evaporation
• B. Boiling
• C. Condensation
• D. Sublimation

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Condensation happens when gas particles lose energy and slow down, transitioning into the liquid state.

4. What is the term for the inflammation of the airways in the lungs, often causing wheezing and difficulty breathing?

• A. Pneumonia
• B. Emphysema
• C. Asthma
• D. Pleurisy

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: "Asthma." Asthma is a chronic condition characterized by inflammation of the airways in the lungs, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, coughing, and chest tightness. Pneumonia (A) is an infection in the lungs caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi. Emphysema (B) is a type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) characterized by damage to the air sacs in the lungs. Pleurisy (D) is inflammation of the lining of the lungs and chest cavity. Therefore, asthma best fits the description provided in the question, making it the correct answer.

5. What is kwashiorkor, a protein deficiency disease, characterized by?

• A. Muscle wasting
• B. Night blindness
• C. Scurvy
• D. Rickets

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: Kwashiorkor is a type of severe acute malnutrition caused by a deficiency of dietary protein. It is characterized by symptoms such as edema (swelling due to fluid retention), skin lesions, an enlarged liver with fatty infiltrates, and muscle wasting. Muscle wasting is a key feature of kwashiorkor due to the body breaking down muscle tissue to obtain essential amino acids for vital functions. Night blindness (option B) is a symptom of vitamin A deficiency, scurvy (option C) is caused by a lack of vitamin C, and rickets (option D) is a condition resulting from a deficiency of vitamin D, calcium, or phosphate.

6. What literary device is used in the line "The sea whispered secrets to the shore"?

• A. Alliteration
• B. Personification
• C. Onomatopoeia
• D. Hyperbole

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The sentence gives human qualities to the sea, like whispering, creating personification.

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