Nursing Elites

1. A table shows the average blood pressure readings for different age groups. How do you determine the highest average systolic pressure?

• A. Find the largest number in the "systolic pressure" column.
• B. Compare the means (averages) of each age group.
• C. Add all systolic pressure values and divide by the total number of patients.
• D. Subtract the lowest systolic pressure from the highest.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: - To determine the highest average systolic pressure, you need to identify the highest individual systolic pressure reading in the dataset. - Option A instructs you to find the largest number in the "systolic pressure" column, which directly addresses the task of identifying the highest systolic pressure reading. - Comparing means (Option B) would not necessarily give you the highest individual systolic pressure reading, as averages can be influenced by the distribution of values within each age group. - Adding all systolic pressure values and dividing by the total number of patients (Option C) would give you the overall average systolic pressure, not the highest individual reading. - Subtracting the lowest systolic pressure from the highest (Option D) would give you the range of systolic pressures, not specifically the highest individual reading. Therefore, the correct approach to determine the highest average systolic pressure

2. The outermost layer of your skin, responsible for waterproofing and providing a barrier against pathogens, is the:

• A. Stratum basale (Basal layer)
• B. Stratum corneum
• C. Stratum granulosum
• D. Stratum spinosum

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Stratum corneum. The stratum corneum is the outermost layer of the epidermis, consisting of dead skin cells (corneocytes) that are continuously shed and replaced. This layer is responsible for waterproofing the skin and providing a barrier against pathogens, UV radiation, and other environmental factors. The stratum basale (A) is the deepest layer of the epidermis where new skin cells are produced. The stratum granulosum (C) is the layer of the epidermis where cells begin to flatten and keratinization begins. The stratum spinosum (D) is the layer above the stratum granulosum, where cells become interconnected by desmosomes. Therefore, the stratum corneum is specifically designed to fulfill the functions of waterproofing and protecting against pathogens.

3. What is the relationship between work, force, and displacement?

• A. Work is directly proportional to force but inversely proportional to displacement
• B. Work is directly proportional to both force and displacement
• C. Work is inversely proportional to force but directly proportional to displacement
• D. Work is inversely proportional to both force and displacement

Correct answer: b

Rationale: Work done is the product of force and displacement in the direction of the force.

4. You need to buy cardboard to cover a rectangular box with dimensions 40cm by 30cm by 25cm. Considering only the exterior surfaces (not flaps or openings), how much cardboard do you need (assume one sheet covers 0.5 sq m)?

• A. 0.3 sq m
• B. 0.6 sq m
• C. 1.2 sq m
• D. 1.8 sq m

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Calculate the areas of each side and add them up for the total surface area. Divide by the coverage area per sheet to determine the number of sheets needed.

5. Which of the following is a property of amphiprotic substances?

• A. React with acids only
• B. React with bases only
• C. Can act as both acids and bases
• D. Are inert in chemical reactions

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Amphiprotic substances can donate or accept a proton, so they can act as both acids and bases. The other choices do not accurately describe amphiprotic substances.

6. The major site for nutrient absorption in the digestive system is the:

• A. Mouth
• B. Stomach
• C. Small intestine
• D. Large intestine

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Small intestine. The small intestine is the major site for nutrient absorption in the digestive system. It is where most of the digestion and absorption of nutrients from food takes place. The small intestine has villi and microvilli that increase its surface area, allowing for efficient absorption of nutrients like sugars, amino acids, and fatty acids into the bloodstream. The mouth is primarily responsible for mechanical digestion through chewing, while the stomach's main function is to break down food with enzymes and acids. The large intestine mainly absorbs water and electrolytes, with minimal nutrient absorption.

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