Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following represents a form of potential energy?

• A. A moving car
• B. A spinning top
• C. A raised hammer
• D. A rolling ball

Correct answer: c

Rationale: A raised hammer possesses potential energy due to its elevated position relative to the ground.

2. Which of the following is a MAJOR consequence of a stroke?

• A. Irregular heart rhythm.
• B. Rapid weight gain or loss.
• C. Brain damage due to interrupted blood flow.
• D. Chronic fatigue and muscle weakness.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Brain damage due to interrupted blood flow.' A stroke occurs when there is a sudden interruption in the blood supply to the brain, leading to brain damage. This interruption can result in various consequences such as paralysis, speech and vision problems, cognitive impairments, and in severe cases, even death. Other options like 'Irregular heart rhythm' (A) and 'Chronic fatigue and muscle weakness' (D) can be associated with health conditions but are not direct consequences of a stroke. 'Rapid weight gain or loss' (B) is typically not a major consequence of a stroke compared to the significant impact of brain damage.

3. What is the term for a genetic disorder caused by a mutation on the X chromosome?

• A. Autosomal dominant disorder
• B. Autosomal recessive disorder
• C. Sex-linked recessive disorder
• D. Sex-linked dominant disorder

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: - Autosomal dominant disorders (Option A) are caused by a mutation in one copy of a gene on one of the non-sex chromosomes (autosomes). These disorders do not specifically involve the X chromosome. - Autosomal recessive disorders (Option B) are caused by mutations in both copies of a gene on the autosomes. They are not directly related to mutations on the X chromosome. - Sex-linked dominant disorders (Option D) are rare and typically result in more severe symptoms in males because they only need one copy of the mutated gene on the X chromosome to express the disorder. This is not the term for a genetic disorder caused by a mutation on the X chromosome. - Sex-linked recessive disorders (Option C) are genetic disorders caused by mutations on the X chromosome. These disorders are more commonly seen in males because they have only one X chromosome, making them more susceptible to X-linked mutations. Females have two

4. Which verb tense best fits the blank: "By next month, she _____ the project for a year."

• A. will have been working on
• B. will work on
• C. has been working on
• D. had worked on

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The sentence emphasizes the completed duration of the project by next month, requiring the present perfect continuous tense.

5. A table shows the average blood pressure readings for different age groups. How do you determine the highest average systolic pressure?

• A. Find the largest number in the "systolic pressure" column.
• B. Compare the means (averages) of each age group.
• C. Add all systolic pressure values and divide by the total number of patients.
• D. Subtract the lowest systolic pressure from the highest.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: - To determine the highest average systolic pressure, you need to identify the highest individual systolic pressure reading in the dataset. - Option A instructs you to find the largest number in the "systolic pressure" column, which directly addresses the task of identifying the highest systolic pressure reading. - Comparing means (Option B) would not necessarily give you the highest individual systolic pressure reading, as averages can be influenced by the distribution of values within each age group. - Adding all systolic pressure values and dividing by the total number of patients (Option C) would give you the overall average systolic pressure, not the highest individual reading. - Subtracting the lowest systolic pressure from the highest (Option D) would give you the range of systolic pressures, not specifically the highest individual reading. Therefore, the correct approach to determine the highest average systolic pressure

6. What is the largest part of the brain and is responsible for higher functions like thinking, memory, and learning?

• A. Brainstem
• B. Cerebellum
• C. Cerebrum
• D. Thalamus

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Cerebrum. The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain and is responsible for higher functions like thinking, memory, and learning. It is divided into two hemispheres (left and right) and is associated with intelligence, creativity, reasoning, and problem-solving abilities. The brainstem (option A) is responsible for basic life functions like breathing and heart rate. The cerebellum (option B) is involved in coordination and balance. The thalamus (option D) acts as a relay station for sensory information. Therefore, the cerebrum is the most appropriate choice for the part of the brain responsible for higher cognitive functions.

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