Nursing Elites

1. What term describes the phenomenon of two waves canceling each other out when they meet?

• A. Refraction
• B. Diffraction
• C. Destructive interference
• D. Constructive interference

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Destructive interference occurs when two waves meet and their amplitudes are such that they cancel each other out, resulting in a wave with a smaller amplitude or no wave at all. This is in contrast to constructive interference, where two waves combine to produce a wave with a larger amplitude. Refraction and diffraction are phenomena related to the bending of waves as they pass through different mediums or obstacles, respectively.

2. Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the development of sex organs and secondary sex characteristics during puberty?

• A. Growth hormone
• B. Testosterone (in males) and Estrogen (in females
• C. Insulin
• D. Thyroid hormone

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Testosterone (in males) and Estrogen (in females). During puberty, the release of these sex hormones plays a crucial role in the development of sex organs and secondary sex characteristics. Testosterone is responsible for male characteristics like facial hair, deepening of the voice, and muscle growth, while Estrogen contributes to female features such as breast development and the widening of hips. Growth hormone primarily regulates overall growth and development, while Insulin is involved in glucose metabolism and Thyroid hormone controls metabolism and energy levels. Therefore, the correct choice is B as Testosterone and Estrogen are specifically responsible for the changes seen during puberty.

3. What is the name of the growth plates in children's bones where new bone tissue is formed?

• A. Epiphyses
• B. Diaphysis
• C. Periosteum
• D. Medullary cavity

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Epiphyses. Epiphyses are the growth plates located at the ends of children's long bones where new bone tissue is formed. These plates are responsible for longitudinal bone growth until they close during adolescence. The diaphysis (B) is the shaft or main portion of a long bone, while the periosteum (C) is the outer membrane covering the bone. The medullary cavity (D) is the central cavity of bone shafts where bone marrow is stored. Understanding the terminology for different parts of bones is essential for comprehending bone growth and development in children.

4. What property of a wave is measured in Hertz (Hz)?

• A. Amplitude
• B. Wavelength
• C. Speed
• D. Frequency

Correct answer: d

Rationale: Frequency, the number of oscillations per second, is measured in Hertz (Hz).

5. According to the wave theory of light, the bright fringes observed in a double-slit experiment correspond to:

• A. Constructive interference
• B. Destructive interference
• C. Increased diffraction
• D. Total internal reflection

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Constructive interference. According to the wave theory of light, when two light waves meet in phase (crest to crest or trough to trough), they combine to produce a brighter fringe. This is known as constructive interference, leading to the formation of bright fringes in a double-slit experiment. Destructive interference, on the other hand, occurs when two waves are out of phase (crest to trough), resulting in a dimmer or dark fringe. Increased diffraction refers to the bending of light waves around obstacles, not the formation of bright fringes. Total internal reflection is a phenomenon that occurs at the boundary between two different mediums when light is reflected back into the original medium. Therefore, the bright fringes observed in a double-slit experiment correspond to constructive interference.

6. What is the product of the complete combustion of propane (C3H8)?

• A. CO2
• B. CO
• C. CH4
• D. C

Correct answer: a

Rationale: Complete combustion of hydrocarbons produces carbon dioxide (CO2) and water.

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