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Nursing Elites

ATI TEAS 7

Anatomy

1. Which part of the brainstem controls heart rate and breathing?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Pons. The pons is a part of the brainstem located above the medulla oblongata and plays a crucial role in controlling vital functions such as heart rate and breathing. It contains neural circuits that regulate the rhythmic patterns of breathing and works in coordination with the medulla oblongata to ensure proper respiratory function. While the medulla oblongata is also involved in regulating these functions, the pons is more specifically responsible for fine-tuning and coordinating the activity of these essential processes.

2. Describe the ethical considerations surrounding the potential use of CRISPR-Cas9 technology in humans.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: CRISPR-Cas9's ability to precisely edit germline cells raises ethical dilemmas about modifying the human gene pool. This includes concerns about eugenics, unintended consequences, and the long-term impact on future generations.

3. Which energy transformation occurs when a guitar string vibrates to produce sound?

Correct answer: c

Rationale: The electrical energy in the guitar's amplifier is converted into sound energy when the string vibrates.

4. Which type of reaction is represented by the equation A + B → AB?

Correct answer: a

Rationale: Synthesis reactions involve the combination of two or more substances to form a new compound.

5. A ball is thrown upwards. Which of the following statements is TRUE about its potential energy and kinetic energy at the peak of its trajectory?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: At the peak, the ball momentarily stops moving, minimizing kinetic energy. However, it's still at its highest point, maximizing its potential energy due to gravity.

6. The small intestine is where most of the chemical digestion and nutrient absorption occur. What is the finger-like projection in the small intestine that increases its surface area for absorption?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, 'All of the above.' The finger-like projection in the small intestine that increases its surface area for absorption is primarily the villi and microvilli. Villi are small, finger-like projections that line the inner wall of the small intestine, while microvilli are even smaller projections on the surface of the villi. Both structures significantly increase the surface area of the small intestine, allowing for more efficient absorption of nutrients. Rugae, on the other hand, are folds in the stomach lining that help with expansion when the stomach is full. Therefore, the rugae are not directly related to the increased surface area for absorption in the small intestine, making options A and B incorrect choices. Overall, options A, B, and C are all related to the structure of the small intestine but serve different functions, so the most appropriate answer is D, 'All of the above.'

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