Nursing Elites

1. Which type of glial cell provides structural support and insulation for neurons in the central nervous system?

• A. Schwann cells
• B. Astrocytes
• C. Oligodendrocytes
• D. Microglia

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Oligodendrocytes. Oligodendrocytes are a type of glial cell found in the central nervous system that provide structural support and insulation for neurons by forming myelin sheaths around axons. Schwann cells, on the other hand, are found in the peripheral nervous system. Astrocytes play a role in nutrient transfer and maintaining the blood-brain barrier. Microglia are responsible for immune defense and clearing debris in the CNS. Therefore, oligodendrocytes are specifically responsible for providing structural support and insulation for neurons in the central nervous system.

2. The process of bone formation and breakdown is called:

• A. Ossification
• B. Resorption
• C. Remodeling
• D. All of the above

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Remodeling.' Bone remodeling is the continuous process of bone formation (ossification) and breakdown (resorption). Ossification refers to the formation of bone tissue, while resorption is the breakdown and removal of old bone tissue. The term 'remodeling' encompasses both of these processes, making it the most appropriate choice. While ossification and resorption are part of bone remodeling, they do not cover the entire process on their own, hence 'All of the above' is incorrect.

3. When writing a blog post, consider including:

• A. Long, detailed paragraphs for comprehensive coverage.
• B. Frequent use of emojis and informal slang for a casual tone.
• C. Engaging headlines, subheadings, and bullet points for scannability.
• D. ense academic vocabulary to sound intellectual.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Blog posts require engaging formatting and concise writing for readers who scan and skim. Headlines, subheadings, and bullet points improve readability.

4. He asserts the importance of promoting a positive organizational culture in their unit. Which

• A. Proactive and caring with one another
• B. Competitive and perfectionist
• C. Powerful and oppositional
• D. Obedient and uncomplaining

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Proactive and caring with one another.' When promoting a positive organizational culture, it is essential to foster a supportive environment where individuals are proactive in their approach and demonstrate care towards one another. This type of culture encourages collaboration, open communication, and empathy among team members, leading to higher levels of job satisfaction and overall performance. Being competitive and perfectionist (option B) can create a stressful and unhealthy work environment, while being powerful and oppositional (option C) or obedient and uncomplaining (option D) can stifle creativity and innovation. Therefore, the most suitable traits for promoting a positive organizational culture are being proactive and caring with one another.

5. What is the main consequence of a malfunctioning thyroid gland that produces abnormally low levels of thyroid hormones?

• A. Increased energy levels and weight loss
• B. Decreased heart rate and body temperature
• C. Enhanced muscle growth and bone development
• D. Faster metabolism and heightened alertness

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Decreased heart rate and body temperature.' When the thyroid gland produces abnormally low levels of thyroid hormones (hypothyroidism), it can lead to a decrease in metabolic rate, resulting in symptoms such as fatigue, weight gain, and feeling cold. A lower metabolic rate can slow down heart rate and decrease body temperature. The other options (A, C, D) are not characteristic of hypothyroidism. Increased energy levels and weight loss, enhanced muscle growth and bone development, and faster metabolism and heightened alertness are more commonly associated with hyperthyroidism, where the thyroid gland produces excess hormones.

6. What is the term for the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a solvent at a specific temperature and pressure?

• A. Molarity
• B. Solubility
• C. Concentration
• D. Saturation

Correct answer: b

Rationale: Solubility is the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a solvent at a specific temperature and pressure. The other choices do not accurately define solubility.

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