Nursing Elites

1. What is the term for the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a solvent at a specific temperature and pressure?

• A. Molarity
• B. Solubility
• C. Concentration
• D. Saturation

Correct answer: b

Rationale: Solubility is the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a solvent at a specific temperature and pressure. The other choices do not accurately define solubility.

2. What is the purpose of genetic counseling?

• A. To treat genetic disorders.
• B. To diagnose genetic diseases in newborns.
• C. To provide information and support to individuals and families with genetic risks.
• D. To collect DNA samples for research purposes.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: To provide information and support to individuals and families with genetic risks. Genetic counselors explain the implications of genetic testing, discuss risks and options, and offer emotional and psychological support.

3. Which of the following is an example of a nonpolar solvent?

• A. Water
• B. Ethanol
• C. Acetone
• D. Hydrochloric acid

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: - Water (option A) is a polar solvent due to its uneven distribution of charge, with the oxygen atom being partially negative and the hydrogen atoms being partially positive. - Ethanol (option B) is a nonpolar solvent because it has a symmetrical molecular structure that does not result in significant charge separation. - Acetone (option C) is a polar solvent as it contains a carbonyl group that results in a partial negative charge on the oxygen atom. - Hydrochloric acid (option D) is a polar solvent due to the presence of the highly electronegative chlorine atom, which results in a partial negative charge.

4. What is the process by which a cell divides into two or more new cells?

• A. Mitosis
• B. Meiosis
• C. Both mitosis and meiosis
• D. None of the above

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: Mitosis is the process by which a cell divides into two identical daughter cells. This type of cell division is essential for growth, repair, and maintenance of multicellular organisms. Meiosis, on the other hand, is a type of cell division that produces gametes (sperm and egg cells) with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. Therefore, meiosis is not the process by which a cell divides into two or more new cells. Option C is incorrect because meiosis is not involved in the general process of cell division to produce new cells. Option D is incorrect because mitosis is the correct process for cell division.

5. Energy for most cellular processes is produced in the:

• A. Nucleus
• B. Cytoplasm
• C. Mitochondria
• D. Ribosomes

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Mitochondria.' The mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell, where the process of cellular respiration takes place to produce energy in the form of ATP. The nucleus (option A) houses the cell's genetic material but is not directly involved in energy production. The cytoplasm (option B) is a jelly-like substance that surrounds organelles but is not the primary site of energy production. Ribosomes (option D) are involved in protein synthesis, not energy production. Therefore, the mitochondria play a crucial role in generating energy for most cellular processes.

6. She decides to have a decentralized staffing system. Which of the following is an advantage

• A. greater control of activities
• B. Conserves time
• C. Compatible with computerization
• D. Promotes better interpersonal relationship

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'greater control of activities.' Having a decentralized staffing system allows for the delegation of decision-making to lower levels of the organization, which can result in greater control over activities. This can lead to quicker responses to issues and better alignment with specific departmental needs. Options B, C, and D do not directly relate to the advantage of a decentralized staffing system. While conserving time, compatibility with computerization, and promoting better interpersonal relationships are important considerations in staffing decisions, they do not specifically align with the advantage of greater control that a decentralized system provides.

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