Nursing Elites

1. What is the scientific name for the tear gland?

• A. Lachrymal gland
• B. Lacrimal sac
• C. Lacrimal duct
• D. Lacrimal papilla

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The lachrymal gland is the almond-shaped gland located above each eye, responsible for producing tears. Tears are a complex mixture of water, electrolytes, proteins, and other substances that help lubricate and protect the eyes from dryness and irritation.

2. What does the term "dilution" refer to in a solution?

• A. Adding more solvent to decrease concentration
• B. Adding more solute to increase concentration
• C. Reducing the temperature to increase solubility
• D. Increasing pressure to increase solubility

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Dilution involves adding more solvent to a solution to decrease the concentration of solute. The other choices do not accurately describe dilution

3. What is the formula to calculate gravitational potential energy near the Earth's surface?

• A. Potential Energy=Mass×Acceleration
• B. Potential Energy=Force×Distance
• C. Potential Energy=Mass×Height×Gravity
• D. Potential Energy=Mass×Acceleration due to gravity×Height

Correct answer: d

Rationale: Gravitational potential energy near the Earth's surface is given by the formula PE = � × � × ℎ PE=m×g×h, where � m is mass, � g is acceleration due to gravity, and ℎ h is heigh

4. During inhalation, which muscle contracts to increase the volume of the thoracic cavity, allowing air to flow into the lungs?

• A. Diaphragm
• B. Intercostal muscles
• C. Abdominal muscles
• D. Pectoral muscles

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Diaphragm. During inhalation, the diaphragm contracts and moves downward, increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity. This action creates a pressure difference between the lungs and the atmosphere, causing air to flow into the lungs. The intercostal muscles also play a role by expanding the ribcage, but the primary muscle responsible for increasing thoracic cavity volume during inhalation is the diaphragm. Abdominal muscles are involved in exhalation by contracting to push the diaphragm up, reducing thoracic cavity volume. Pectoral muscles are located in the chest and are not directly involved in the breathing process.

5. Which vitamin is synthesized in the skin upon exposure to sunlight?

• A. Vitamin A
• B. Vitamin C
• C. Vitamin D
• D. Vitamin E

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is Vitamin D (C). When the skin is exposed to sunlight, a compound in the skin is converted to Vitamin D. Vitamin A (A) is not synthesized in the skin but is found in foods like carrots and sweet potatoes. Vitamin C (B) is not synthesized in the skin either, but is found in citrus fruits and vegetables. Vitamin E (D) is not synthesized in the skin upon sunlight exposure, but is found in nuts and seeds.

6. Positron emission tomography (PET) scans utilize a key property of positrons for medical imaging. What is this property?

• A. High mass
• B. Positive charge
• C. Extreme stability
• D. Identical behavior to electrons

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Positive charge.' Positron emission tomography (PET) scans rely on the fact that positrons are positively charged particles. When a positron is emitted during radioactive decay, it quickly collides with an electron, resulting in annihilation and the release of two gamma rays in opposite directions. These gamma rays are detected by the PET scanner to create detailed images of the body's internal organs and tissues. The positive charge of positrons is crucial for this process to occur, making option B the correct choice.

Similar Questions