Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is an example of an unsaturated fatty acid?

• A. Stearic acid
• B. Palmitic acid
• C. Oleic acid
• D. Butyric acid

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Oleic acid is an unsaturated fatty acid, containing at least one double bond in its hydrocarbon chain. The other choices are saturated fatty acids.

2. The tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange takes place are called:

• A. Bronchi
• B. Trachea
• C. Alveoli
• D. Pleura

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Alveoli.' Alveoli are the tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange takes place. Oxygen from the air is diffused into the blood, and carbon dioxide from the blood is diffused into the air in the alveoli. Bronchi (option A) are the large air passages that lead from the trachea into the lungs. Trachea (option B) is the windpipe that connects the larynx to the bronchi. Pleura (option D) is a thin membrane that surrounds the lungs and lines the chest cavity. Understanding these structures is essential for comprehending respiratory function and gas exchange in the human body.

3. What is the process of making copies of DNA called?

• A. Transcription
• B. Translation
• C. Replication
• D. DNA repair

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: A) Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA template. It involves the creation of mRNA molecules from a DNA template. B) Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from mRNA. During translation, the genetic code carried by mRNA is decoded to produce a specific sequence of amino acids, forming a protein. C) Replication is the process of making copies of DNA. This process occurs before cell division and ensures that each daughter cell receives an identical copy of the genetic material. D) DNA repair is a cellular mechanism that corrects errors in DNA that arise due to various factors such as exposure to mutagens or mistakes during DNA replication. It is essential for maintaining the integrity of the genetic material.

4. A satellite orbits the Earth at constant speed. Which force is responsible for its circular motion?

• A. Gravitational force from the Earth
• B. Thrust from the satellite's engine
• C. Friction between the satellite and the atmosphere
• D. Normal force from the Earth's surface

Correct answer: A

Rationale: This force acts towards the Earth's center, providing the centripetal force required for the satellite to move in a circle.

5. What is the process of removing waste products from the cell called?

• A. Exocytosis
• B. Endocytosis
• C. Phagocytosis
• D. Pinocytosis

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: A) Exocytosis is the process by which cells expel waste products or other substances by fusing a vesicle containing the waste with the cell membrane, releasing its contents outside the cell. This process is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis by removing waste products from the cell. B) Endocytosis is the process by which cells take in substances by engulfing them in a vesicle formed from the cell membrane. This process is the opposite of exocytosis and is used to bring substances into the cell. C) Phagocytosis is a type of endocytosis where cells engulf solid particles or other cells to form a vesicle called a phagosome. This process is used by immune cells to engulf and destroy pathogens. D) Pinocytosis is a type of endocytosis where cells engulf fluids and dissolved solutes. This process allows cells to take in nutrients and

6. What are the key differences between cytokinesis in plant and animal cells?

• A. Animal cells utilize an actomyosin ring for cleavage furrow formation, while plant cells lack this mechanism.
• B. Plant cells rely on the assembly of a cell plate in the center of the dividing cell, ultimately separating the cytoplasm.
• C. Cytokinesis in both plant and animal cells is driven by the expansion of the endoplasmic reticulum.
• D. Both types of cells achieve cytokinesis through similar membrane pinching and constriction mechanisms.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: A) Animal cells utilize an actomyosin ring for cleavage furrow formation, while plant cells lack this mechanism. - This statement is true. Animal cells use an actomyosin ring to form a cleavage furrow during cytokinesis, while plant cells do not have this mechanism. Instead, plant cells form a cell plate. B) Plant cells rely on the assembly of a cell plate in the center of the dividing cell, ultimately separating the cytoplasm. - This statement is correct. Plant cells form a cell plate in the middle of the dividing cell during cytokinesis. The cell plate eventually develops into a new cell wall that separates the two daughter cells. C) Cytokinesis in both plant and animal cells is driven by the expansion of the endoplasmic reticulum. - This

Similar Questions