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ATI TEAS 7

Chemistry

1. If you compare a 1 M solution of NaCl to a 1 M solution of glucose (C6H12O6) in water, which solution would have the higher boiling point?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. When a solute is added to a solvent, it raises the boiling point of the solution due to the phenomenon of boiling point elevation. In this case, NaCl is an ionic compound that dissociates into Na+ and Cl- ions in water, leading to more particles in solution compared to glucose, which remains as individual molecules. Since NaCl forms more particles, it causes a greater boiling point elevation, resulting in the NaCl solution having the higher boiling point. Glucose, being a non-electrolyte, does not dissociate and therefore does not contribute as many particles to the solution as NaCl does. Therefore, the NaCl solution would have the higher boiling point.

2. The element responsible for the yellow color of bananas is:

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Carotene is a type of carotenoid pigment found in fruits and vegetables, contributing to their yellow, orange, and red hues.

3. Which word choice best fits the blank: "Her research paper was riddled with _____ errors."

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Option A "flagrant," emphasizes the severity and noticeable nature of the errors.

4. What is the primary function of the coronary arteries in the cardiovascular system?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The primary function of the coronary arteries in the cardiovascular system is to carry oxygenated blood to the heart muscle. These arteries supply the heart muscle with the necessary oxygen and nutrients it needs to function properly. Without adequate blood flow through the coronary arteries, the heart muscle can become deprived of oxygen, leading to conditions like angina or even a heart attack. Options B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not accurately describe the function of the coronary arteries. Option B is incorrect because the coronary arteries carry oxygenated blood, not deoxygenated blood. Option C is incorrect because the pulmonary arteries, not the coronary arteries, carry blood to the lungs for oxygenation. Option D is incorrect because the regulation of blood pressure in the systemic circulation is primarily controlled by mechanisms such as the kidneys and the autonomic nervous system, not the coronary arteries.

5. What is the relationship between the Pauli exclusion principle and the structure of the atom?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: It defines the maximum number of electrons allowed in each energy level. The Pauli exclusion principle states that no two electrons in an atom can occupy the same quantum state, which explains the specific sequence and structure of electron shells within the atom.

6. A scientist observes a new species of bird with uniquely shaped wings. They hypothesize that the wing shape allows for superior gliding ability. Which observation would most strongly support this hypothesis?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Direct observation of gliding ability directly tests the hypothesis about the wing shape's function. Other observations might be relevant but provide less direct evidence.

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