1. A scientist observes a new species of bird with uniquely shaped wings. They hypothesize that the wing shape allows for superior gliding ability. Which observation would most strongly support this hypothesis?

A. The bird is found in mountainous regions.
B. The bird has feathers with low friction.
C. The bird can fly long distances without flapping.
D. The bird's wing muscles are stronger than other birds.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Direct observation of gliding ability directly tests the hypothesis about the wing shape's function. Other observations might be relevant but provide less direct evidence.

2. Identify the noun in the following sentence: The aroma of freshly baked bread filled the kitchen.

A. filled
B. kitchen
C. aroma
D. freshly

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Nouns name people, places, things, or ideas. "Aroma" names a specific type of smell.

3. Which part of the brain plays a crucial role in the regulation of balance, coordination, and posture?

A. Thalamus
B. Cerebrum
C. Cerebellum
D. Hypothalamus

Correct answer: c

Rationale: The correct answer is the cerebellum (Option C). The cerebellum is responsible for the regulation of balance, coordination, and posture in the body. It receives information from sensory systems, the spinal cord, and other parts of the brain to coordinate voluntary movements. The thalamus (Option A) is involved in relaying sensory and motor signals to the cerebral cortex, but not specifically in balance and coordination. The cerebrum (Option B) is the largest part of the brain and is responsible for higher brain functions such as thinking and problem-solving. The hypothalamus (Option D) plays a role in regulating basic functions like hunger, thirst, and body temperature, but not balance, coordination, and posture. Therefore, the cerebellum is the key area of the brain involved in these specific functions.

4. Adipose tissue, commonly known as fat, primarily functions in:

A. Support
B. Insulation
C. Energy storage
D. All of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, 'All of the above.' Adipose tissue, or fat, serves multiple functions in the body. It provides support by cushioning and protecting organs, acts as an insulation layer to maintain body temperature, and serves as a crucial energy storage site where excess energy is stored in the form of triglycerides. Therefore, all of the options listed (support, insulation, and energy storage) are accurate functions of adipose tissue.

5. What are enzymes?

A. Building blocks of muscle
B. Biological catalysts
C. Energy source
D. Antibodies

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions in our cells. They act like tiny factories, fitting specific molecules (substrates) into their active site to facilitate reactions.

6. What is the main argument presented in favor of UBI?

A. It would boost the economy by increasing consumer spending and stimulating businesses.
B. It would guarantee financial stability and improve mental health for all citizens.
C. It would address ethical concerns about income inequality and promote social justice.
D. It would decrease crime rates and improve public safety by reducing poverty and desperation.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The passage emphasizes UBI's potential to alleviate poverty and reduce inequality, aligning with C.