Nursing Elites

1. According to Newton's third law of motion, if you push against a wall with a certain force, the wall will push back with:

• A. A smaller force
• B. An equal force
• C. A greater force
• D. No force at all

Correct answer: b

Rationale: Newton's third law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

2. In the context of the cardiac cycle, the P wave on an electrocardiogram (ECG) represents:

• A. Atrial depolarization
• B. Ventricular depolarization
• C. Atrial repolarization
• D. Ventricular repolarization

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: "Atrial depolarization." The P wave on an ECG represents the depolarization of the atria, specifically the spread of electrical activity through the atria causing them to contract and push blood into the ventricles. This is the first wave observed on the ECG and signifies the beginning of the cardiac cycle. Ventricular depolarization is represented by the QRS complex, atrial repolarization is typically not visible on a standard ECG due to its timing with the QRS complex, and ventricular repolarization is represented by the T wave. Therefore, option A is the most appropriate choice in this context.

3. Repeating decimals can be expressed as fractions. Which of the following represents the decimal 0.7777... as a fraction?

• A. 77/1000
• B. 70/99
• C. 777/900
• D. 7/9

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Let x equal the decimal. Set up two equations such that the digits after the decimal point are identical. 1000x = 777.7777... 10x = 7.7777... Subtracting the two equations, we have 990x = 770. Dividing both sides by 990 gives us x = 770/990, which can be simplified to 77/90.

4. The term "barn" is a unit commonly used in nuclear physics to quantify:

• A. Energy (Electron volts are the standard unit for energy in nuclear physics)
• B. Radioactivity
• C. Nuclear cross-section
• D. Half-life

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The term 'barn' is a unit of measurement used in nuclear physics to quantify nuclear cross-section. Nuclear cross-section refers to the measure of the probability of a specific interaction occurring between particles during a nuclear reaction. The term 'barn' was coined based on its relation to the physical size of a nucleus, as it is a small unit of area used to describe the likelihood of a particle interacting with a nucleus. It is not used to quantify energy, radioactivity, or half-life, making options A, B, and D incorrect in this context.

5. What term describes the phenomenon of two waves canceling each other out when they meet?

• A. Refraction
• B. Diffraction
• C. Destructive interference
• D. Constructive interference

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Destructive interference occurs when two waves meet and their amplitudes are such that they cancel each other out, resulting in a wave with a smaller amplitude or no wave at all. This is in contrast to constructive interference, where two waves combine to produce a wave with a larger amplitude. Refraction and diffraction are phenomena related to the bending of waves as they pass through different mediums or obstacles, respectively.

6. Which sentence uses parallel structure correctly?

• A. I enjoy reading, watching movies, and to spend time with friends.
• B. Reading, watching movies, and spending time with friends are all activities I enjoy.
• C. like to read, watch movies, and spend time with friends.
• D. Reading, movies, and friends are all things I enjoy.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Parallel structure means using the same grammatical form for elements in a list. Option (b) uses parallel gerunds ("reading," "watching," "spending"), making it the correct choice.

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