Nursing Elites

1. A 10 kg box rests on a frictionless surface. A horizontal force of 20 N is applied to the box. What is the box's acceleration?

• A. 0.5 m/s²
• B. 1 m/s²
• C. 2 m/s²
• D. 10 m/s²

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Use Newton's second law, F = ma, where F is the net force, m is the mass, and a is the acceleration. Since there is no friction, the net force equals the applied force (20 N). Therefore, a = F/m = 20 N / 10 kg ≈ 2 m/s².

2. What is the outermost layer of the dermis, rich in collagen and elastin fibers that provide elasticity to the skin?

• A. Papillary layer
• B. Reticular layer
• C. Stratum basale
• D. Stratum corneum

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Papillary layer. The papillary layer is the outermost layer of the dermis and is rich in collagen and elastin fibers. These fibers provide elasticity to the skin, helping it maintain its structure and flexibility. The reticular layer, although deeper in the dermis, is not the outermost layer and is primarily responsible for providing strength and support to the skin. The stratum basale and stratum corneum are layers of the epidermis, not the dermis. The stratum basale is the deepest layer of the epidermis where new skin cells are formed, while the stratum corneum is the outermost layer of the epidermis composed of dead skin cells. Understanding the different layers of the skin is essential for comprehending its functions and properties.

3. Which of the following is NOT a part of a plant cell?

• A. Cell wall
• B. Plasma membrane
• C. Vacuole
• D. Mitochondria

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Rationale: A) Cell wall: This is a structure found in plant cells that provides support and protection. B) Plasma membrane: Also known as the cell membrane, it surrounds the cell and regulates the passage of substances in and out of the cell. C) Vacuole: This is a storage organelle found in plant cells that stores water, nutrients, and waste products. D) Mitochondria: Mitochondria are membrane-bound organelles found in both plant and animal cells. They are responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration. Therefore, the correct answer is D) Mitochondria, as it is a part of a plant cell.

4. The muscular tube connecting the mouth to the stomach is lined with a mucous membrane. What is the main function of this mucous membrane?

• A. Secretion of digestive enzymes
• B. Absorption of nutrients
• C. Lubrication and protection
• D. Storage of bile

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Lubrication and protection. The mucous membrane lining the esophagus serves to provide lubrication for food as it travels from the mouth to the stomach, making it easier to swallow. Additionally, the mucous membrane protects the esophageal tissue from damage caused by the passage of food and liquids. This function is crucial in preventing irritation and inflammation of the esophagus, ensuring smooth and efficient digestion process. The mucous membrane does not secrete digestive enzymes (A), absorb nutrients (B), or store bile (D), as those functions are carried out by other digestive organs.

5. A decorative globe has a diameter of 25cm. What is its total surface area?

• A. 1570 sq cm
• B. 1963 sq cm
• C. 2513 sq cm
• D. 3142 sq cm

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Use the formula for surface area of a sphere: 4 * π * (radius)^2, where radius is half the diameter. Calculate the radius (12.5cm) and substitute: 4 * π * (12.5cm)^2 ≈ 1963 sq cm.

6. What is the term for the number of moles of solute per liter of solution?

• A. Molarity
• B. Molality
• C. Normality
• D. Concentration

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Molarity is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. The other choices are different concentration units.

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