Nursing Elites

1. What is the acceleration of an object moving at a constant speed of 20 m/s if it comes to a complete stop within 5 seconds?

• A. 0 m/s² (no acceleration)
• B. 4 m/s²
• C. -4 m/s²
• D. Information insufficient

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The acceleration can be calculated using the formula: acceleration = (final velocity - initial velocity) / time. In this case, the final velocity is 0 m/s (as the object comes to a complete stop), the initial velocity is 20 m/s, and the time taken is 5 seconds. Plugging these values into the formula, we get acceleration = (0 m/s - 20 m/s) / 5 s = -20 m/s / 5 s = -4 m/s². Therefore, the acceleration is -4 m/s².

2. The diaphragm is a dome-shaped muscle that plays a crucial role in breathing. When it contracts, what happens?

• A. Air is expelled from the lungs.
• B. The lungs expand to allow air intake.
• C. The vocal cords vibrate to produce sound.
• D. The trachea narrows to control airflow.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The diaphragm is a dome-shaped muscle located beneath the lungs. When it contracts, it moves downward, creating more space in the chest cavity. This downward movement of the diaphragm allows the lungs to expand, which lowers the air pressure inside the lungs. As a result, air from the outside rushes in to equalize the pressure, leading to inhalation. Therefore, when the diaphragm contracts, it facilitates the intake of air into the lungs, making option B, 'The lungs expand to allow air intake,' the correct answer.

3. How many amino acids can make up a protein?

• A. 10-20
• B. 50-100
• C. 100-500
• D. 1000+

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: Proteins are made up of long chains of amino acids. There are 20 standard amino acids that are commonly found in proteins. The sequence and arrangement of these amino acids determine the structure and function of a protein. While proteins can vary in size and complexity, the number of amino acids typically ranges from around 10 to 20 in smaller proteins to hundreds or even thousands in larger proteins. Therefore, the range of 10-20 amino acids is the most accurate representation of the number of amino acids that can make up a protein.

4. What type of sentence is the following: "Wow, what a beautiful sunset!"

• A. Interrogative sentence
• B. Declarative sentence
• C. Exclamatory sentence
• D. Imperative sentence

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The sentence expresses an emotion ("Wow") and makes an exclamation, making it an exclamatory sentence.

5. A concave mirror can be used to:

• A. Focus light to a single point
• B. Only create virtual images
• C. Always magnify objects
• D. Scatter light

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A concave mirror can be used to focus light to a single point because of its reflective surface that curves inward. When light rays parallel to the mirror's principal axis strike the mirror, they converge at a focal point, creating a real image. This property makes concave mirrors useful in applications like reflecting telescopes and headlights, where focusing light to a point is necessary for proper functioning. Virtual images are also created by concave mirrors, but the primary function is to focus light rather than create virtual images. Magnification of objects and scattering of light are not inherent properties of concave mirrors.

6. Which of the following is the primary function of the lymphatic system?

• A. Transporting oxygen and nutrients to cells
• B. Carrying waste products away from tissues
• C. Regulating body temperature
• D. Producing red blood cells

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Carrying waste products away from tissues.' The primary function of the lymphatic system is to collect excess fluid from tissues and return it to the bloodstream, while also transporting waste products, pathogens, and cellular debris away from tissues to be filtered and eliminated. This helps maintain fluid balance in the body and supports the immune system by removing harmful substances. Options A, C, and D do not accurately describe the primary function of the lymphatic system, making them incorrect choices.

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