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Nursing Elites

ATI TEAS 7

Physics

1. A book slides across a table. What determines the magnitude of the frictional force acting on the book?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Both the mass of the book and the normal force from the table. Friction is proportional to both the normal force and the coefficient of friction, which depends on the materials in contact. Since the normal force depends on the weight of the object (mass x gravity), both factors are important.

2. During exercise, oxygen is used to convert glucose into energy for muscles. This process is called:

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is 'A: Aerobic respiration.' During exercise, muscles require energy to function, and oxygen plays a crucial role in converting glucose into energy through aerobic respiration. This process occurs in the mitochondria of cells and involves the breakdown of glucose to produce ATP, the cell's energy currency. Aerobic respiration is efficient and produces a higher yield of ATP compared to anaerobic respiration or glycolysis alone. Anaerobic respiration (option B) and glycolysis (option C) are also involved in energy production but do not rely on oxygen. Lactic acid fermentation (option D) occurs when there is not enough oxygen available, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid. Therefore, the most appropriate answer is 'A: Aerobic respiration.'

3. Which statement BEST summarizes the author's perspective on bioremediation for plastic pollution?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The passage acknowledges the potential of bioremediation while highlighting the need for further research, indicating a balanced perspective.

4. Which term refers to the measure of the mass of a substance per unit volume and is commonly expressed in kilograms per cubic meter?

Correct answer: c

Rationale: Density is the measure of the mass of a substance per unit volume and is commonly expressed in kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m³).

5. The term "magic number" in nuclear physics refers to specific numbers of protons or neutrons that contribute to:

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The term "magic number" in nuclear physics refers to specific numbers of protons or neutrons that result in exceptional stability of the nucleus. When the number of protons or neutrons in a nucleus align with a magic number, the nucleus is more stable and less likely to undergo spontaneous radioactive decay. This stability is due to the arrangement of nucleons within the nucleus, leading to lower energy states and increased binding energy. Magic numbers play a crucial role in determining the overall stability and behavior of atomic nuclei. Therefore, the correct answer is C: "Exceptional stability of the nucleus."

6. What type of molecule forms the cell membrane and controls what enters and exits the cell?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Lipids. The cell membrane is primarily composed of a double layer of lipids called phospholipids. These phospholipids have a hydrophilic (water-attracting) head and two hydrophobic (water-repelling) tails, which arrange themselves to form a barrier that controls the passage of substances in and out of the cell. While proteins are also present in the cell membrane and play important roles in transport and cell signaling, lipids are the main structural component responsible for the selective permeability of the membrane. Carbohydrates are typically found on the outer surface of the membrane and are involved in cell recognition and communication. Nucleic acids are not a major component of the cell membrane; they are primarily responsible for storing and transmitting genetic information within the cell.

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