Nursing Elites

1. A book slides across a table. What determines the magnitude of the frictional force acting on the book?

• A. Only the mass of the book
• B. Only the normal force from the table
• C. Both the mass of the book and the normal force from the table
• D. Neither the mass of the book nor the normal force from the table

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Both the mass of the book and the normal force from the table. Friction is proportional to both the normal force and the coefficient of friction, which depends on the materials in contact. Since the normal force depends on the weight of the object (mass x gravity), both factors are important.

2. A pizza has a diameter of 40cm. What is its perimeter (circumference)?

• A. 62.8cm
• B. 125.5cm
• C. 125.6cm
• D. 251.2cm

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Multiply the diameter by π: perimeter = π * diameter = π * 40cm ≈ 125.6cm (Note: π ≈ 3.14)

3. The electrical conductivity of a strong acid solution is higher than that of a weak acid solution because:

• A. Strong acids are more concentrated.
• B. Strong acids release more hydrogen ions
• C. Weak acids are better at dissolving salts.
• D. Strong acids have a lower pH.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Strong acids completely dissociate, leading to a h

4. In nuclear transmutation, a target nucleus is bombarded with a particle to create:

• A. A heavier isotope of the same element
• B. A lighter isotope of the same element
• C. An entirely new element
• D. A chain reaction of nuclear fission

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In nuclear transmutation, a target nucleus is bombarded with a particle to create an entirely new element. During this process, the target nucleus absorbs the incoming particle, resulting in changes to its atomic number and sometimes its mass number. These changes can lead to the creation of a different element altogether. This is a fundamental concept in nuclear chemistry and is used in various applications, including the creation of new isotopes for research or medical purposes. Options A and B are incorrect because transmutation involves creating a different element, not just a heavier or lighter isotope of the same element. Option D, a chain reaction of nuclear fission, is also incorrect as it refers to a different process where a nucleus splits into smaller fragments, releasing energy and more neutrons to sustain the chain reaction.

5. What is the name of the monthly cycle in females that prepares the body for potential pregnancy?

• A. Ovulation cycle
• B. Menstrual cycle
• C. Implantation cycle
• D. Gestation cycle

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Menstrual cycle. The menstrual cycle is the monthly process in females where the lining of the uterus thickens in preparation for a potential pregnancy. If pregnancy does not occur, the lining sheds, resulting in menstruation. Ovulation is a key event within the menstrual cycle where an egg is released from the ovary, typically around the midpoint of the cycle. Implantation refers to the attachment of a fertilized egg to the uterus, which occurs after ovulation and fertilization. Gestation cycle refers to the period of pregnancy from conception to birth. Therefore, the menstrual cycle best describes the monthly process that prepares the body for potential pregnancy.

6. Which statement accurately describes the periodic trends in atomic radius?

• A. Increases down a group and decreases across a period
• B. Decreases down a group and increases across a period
• C. Remains constant throughout the table
• D. Fluctuates unpredictably based on individual elements

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Moving down a group, additional electron shells increase the distance from the nucleus, leading to larger atomic radii. Moving across a period, the number of electron shells remains constant, but the increasing nuclear charge pulls electrons closer, resulting in smaller radii.

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