Nursing Elites

1. What is the function of ribosomal RNA (rRNA)?

• A. Carries amino acids to the ribosomes
• B. Reads th(a) Carries amino acids to the ribosomes: This is the function of transfer RNA (tRNA), not ribosomal RNA. (b) Reads the genetic code on mRNA: This is the function of the ribosomes as a whole, not just the ribosomal RNA. (d) Controls the rate of protein synthesis: This is a more complex process involving various factors, not solely ribosomal RNA. e genetic code on mRNA
• C. Forms the structural framework of ribosomes
• D. Controls the rate of protein synthesis

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) plays a crucial role in forming the structural framework of ribosomes, which are the cellular organelles responsible for protein synthesis. Ribosomes consist of both protein and rRNA components, with rRNA providing the structural support necessary for the ribosome to function properly. This structural framework allows the ribosome to interact with messenger RNA (mRNA) and transfer RNA (tRNA) during the process of translation, where the genetic information encoded in mRNA is used to assemble proteins from amino acids. Therefore, the primary function of rRNA is to contribute to the structure and function of ribosomes, rather than directly carrying amino acids, reading the genetic code, or controlling the rate of protein synthesis.

2. A doctor orders 1 gram of a medication to be administered intravenously. The available vial contains 200 milligrams per milliliter. How many milliliters of the solution should be drawn up?

• A. 4 milliliters
• B. 5 milliliters
• C. 10 milliliters
• D. 20 milliliters

Correct answer: B

Rationale: First convert grams to milligrams (1 gram * 1000 milligrams/gram = 1000 milligrams). Then, divide the desired dosage by the concentration per milliliter: 1000 milligrams / 200 milligrams/milliliter = 5 milliliters.

3. What property of matter measures the amount of space occupied by an object?

• A. Mass
• B. Density
• C. Weight
• D. Volume

Correct answer: d

Rationale: Volume measures the amount of space occupied by an object.

4. Dietary fiber, although not fully digested by the body, plays a crucial role in digestion. What is one of the main benefits of consuming sufficient dietary fiber?

• A. Provides a concentrated source of energy
• B. Aids in the absorption of vitamins and minerals
• C. Promotes satiety and gut health
• D. Breaks down complex carbohydrates

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Consuming sufficient dietary fiber promotes satiety and gut health. Fiber adds bulk to the diet, which helps you feel full and satisfied after meals, reducing overeating. Additionally, fiber helps regulate bowel movements by promoting healthy digestion and preventing constipation. It also feeds beneficial gut bacteria, supporting a healthy gut microbiome. While fiber does not provide energy like carbohydrates, it is essential for overall digestive health and can help prevent various chronic diseases.

5. Differentiate between gene therapy and genetic engineering in the context of human intervention.

• A. Gene therapy aims to modify existing genes within body cells, while genetic engineering manipulates genes in embryos to be passed on to offspring.
• B. Gene therapy focuses on treating genetic diseases, while genetic engineering enhances desirable traits or eliminates undesirable ones.
• C. Both involve directly altering the DNA sequence, but gene therapy targets somatic cells and genetic engineering modifies germline cells.
• D. There is no fundamental difference; both terms are synonymous.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: A) Incorrect. Gene therapy does aim to modify existing genes within body cells, but genetic engineering does not necessarily manipulate genes in embryos to be passed on to offspring. Genetic engineering can involve modifying genes in any type of cell, not just embryos. B) Correct. Gene therapy is a medical intervention that aims to treat genetic diseases by correcting or replacing faulty genes within an individual's body cells. On the other hand, genetic engineering involves modifying genes to enhance specific traits or eliminate undesirable ones, often in the context of agriculture or biotechnology. C) Incorrect. While both gene therapy and genetic engineering involve altering DNA sequences, the distinction lies in the target cells. Gene therapy targets somatic cells (non-reproductive cells), while genetic engineering typically involves modifying germline cells (reproductive cells that can pass on genetic changes to offspring). D) Incorrect. There is

6. The student studies diligently for her upcoming exam. Which word is the plural form of "study"?

• A. studies
• B. studying
• C. studied
• D. studier

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The plural form of a noun refers to more than one of that thing.

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