Nursing Elites

1. A medication order is for 250 micrograms of a drug to be administered subcutaneously. The available syringe measures in milliliters. How many milliliters should the nurse draw up?

• A. 0.00025 milliliters
• B. 0.0025 milliliters
• C. 0.025 milliliters
• D. 0.25 milliliters

Correct answer: B

Rationale: First convert micrograms to milliliters, knowing 1000 micrograms equal 1 milliliter. Divide the desired dosage (250 micrograms) by the conversion factor (1000 micrograms/milliliter) to find the volume needed: 250 micrograms / 1000 micrograms/milliliter = 0.00025 milliliters. However, drawing such a small volume might be inaccurate, so round to the nearest practical measurement, which is 0.0025 milliliters.

2. The muscular diaphragm plays a vital role in respiration. When it contracts, it:

• A. Increases lung volume for inhalation
• B. Decreases lung volume for exhalation
• C. Filters dust and particles from inhaled air
• D. Produces mucus to lubricate the airways

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The diaphragm is a crucial muscle involved in respiration. When the diaphragm contracts, it flattens and moves downwards, increasing the volume in the thoracic cavity. This expansion creates a negative pressure in the lungs, causing air to rush in during inhalation. Therefore, option A, 'Increases lung volume for inhalation,' is the correct answer. The diaphragm's contraction facilitates the breathing process by creating space for the lungs to expand and take in air, making it essential for proper respiration.

3. Which type of wave motion occurs when particles move perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation?

• A. Transverse waves
• B. Longitudinal waves
• C. Electromagnetic waves
• D. Surface waves

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Transverse waves are characterized by particles moving perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation. In these waves, the oscillations of the particles are perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer. Longitudinal waves, on the other hand, have particles that move parallel to the direction of wave propagation. Electromagnetic waves are a type of transverse wave that do not require a medium for propagation. Surface waves are a combination of both longitudinal and transverse motions and occur at the interface between two different mediums.

4. Which property of matter explains why ice floats on water?

• A. Viscosity
• B. Density
• C. Buoyancy
• D. Surface tension

Correct answer: c

Rationale: Buoyancy is the upward force exerted by a fluid (like water) on an object immersed in it. Ice floats on water because it is less dense than water, experiencing an upward force (buoyancy) greater than its weight.

5. You need to buy cardboard to cover a rectangular box with dimensions 40cm by 30cm by 25cm. Considering only the exterior surfaces (not flaps or openings), how much cardboard do you need (assume one sheet covers 0.5 sq m)?

• A. 0.3 sq m
• B. 0.6 sq m
• C. 1.2 sq m
• D. 1.8 sq m

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Calculate the areas of each side and add them up for the total surface area. Divide by the coverage area per sheet to determine the number of sheets needed.

6. Identify the pronoun in the following sentence: She quickly finished her homework before dinner.

• A. quickly
• B. finished
• C. her
• D. before

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Pronouns take the place of nouns. "Her" replaces a specific female person's name.

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