ATI TEAS 7
Biology
1. What is the process of converting simple sugars into complex carbohydrates called?
- A. Glycolysis
- B. Gluconeogenesis
- C. Krebs cycle
- D. Oxidative phosphorylation
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: A) Glycolysis is the process of breaking down glucose into pyruvate to produce energy. B) Gluconeogenesis is the process of synthesizing glucose from non-carbohydrate sources, such as amino acids or glycerol. C) The Krebs cycle, also known as the citric acid cycle, is a series of chemical reactions that generate energy through the oxidation of acetyl-CoA derived from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. D) Oxidative phosphorylation is the final stage of cellular respiration where ATP is produced using energy derived from the electron transport chain.
2. Identify the adjective in the following sentence: The colorful sunset painted the sky with vibrant hues.
- A. sunset
- B. with
- C. colorful
- D. painted
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Adjectives modify nouns and pronouns. The adjective "colorful" describes the noun "sunset".
3. What is the difference between active and passive immunity?
- A. Active immunity is short-lived, while passive immunity is long-lasting.
- B. Active immunity involves the body's own immune response, while passive immunity provides immediate protection through antibodies from another source.
- C. Active immunity only protects against bacterial infections, while passive immunity works against both bacteria and viruses.
- D. Passive immunity requires repeated vaccinations, while active immunity is a one-time process.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "Active immunity involves the body's own immune response, while passive immunity provides immediate protection through antibodies from another source." Active immunity is long-lasting because it involves the body's immune system producing memory cells that remember specific pathogens, providing long-term protection. Passive immunity, on the other hand, is short-lived as it involves receiving pre-formed antibodies from an external source, such as through maternal transfer or injection of antibodies, which do not create memory cells for long-lasting protection.
4. What is the difference between alpha decay and beta decay?
- A. Both release the same type of particle.
- B. Alpha decay releases a helium nucleus, while beta decay releases an electron or positron.
- C. Alpha decay is more common than beta decay.
- D. They both convert one element into another, but in different ways.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Alpha decay releases a helium nucleus (2 protons, 2 neutrons), while beta decay releases an electron or positron. - Both processes alter the atomic structure and change the element's identity.
5. A solution is considered saturated when...
- A. More solute can be dissolved
- B. The solvent starts to evaporate
- C. The solution becomes cloudy
- D. It reaches a specific temperature
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'The solvent starts to evaporate.' A solution is considered saturated when the solvent can no longer dissolve any more solute at a given temperature. When the solvent starts to evaporate, it means that the solution is becoming more concentrated and reaching its saturation point. This is a key indicator of a saturated solution. The other options do not accurately describe the concept of a saturated solution, making them incorrect choices.
6. Where should a semicolon be placed in the following sentence? "He loves reading comics, playing video games, and spending time with friends"?
- A. He loves reading comics; playing video games, and spending time with friends.
- B. He loves reading comics, playing video games; and spending time with friends.
- C. He loves reading comics, playing video games and spending time with friends.
- D. No semicolon needed.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Semicolons can join three or more items in a list, especially when the items themselves contain commas. Option (b) is the correct placement.
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