Nursing Elites

1. What is the process of converting simple sugars into complex carbohydrates called?

• A. Glycolysis
• B. Gluconeogenesis
• C. Krebs cycle
• D. Oxidative phosphorylation

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: A) Glycolysis is the process of breaking down glucose into pyruvate to produce energy. B) Gluconeogenesis is the process of synthesizing glucose from non-carbohydrate sources, such as amino acids or glycerol. C) The Krebs cycle, also known as the citric acid cycle, is a series of chemical reactions that generate energy through the oxidation of acetyl-CoA derived from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. D) Oxidative phosphorylation is the final stage of cellular respiration where ATP is produced using energy derived from the electron transport chain.

2. A ball rolls down an inclined plane. What is the main factor affecting its acceleration?

• A. The material of the ball
• B. The angle of the incline
• C. The air resistance
• D. The ball's initial velocity

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The main factor affecting the acceleration of a ball rolling down an inclined plane is the angle of the incline. The steeper the incline, the greater the component of the gravitational force acting parallel to the incline, leading to a higher acceleration of the ball. The material of the ball, air resistance, and the ball's initial velocity may have some impact on the motion of the ball, but the angle of the incline is the primary factor affecting acceleration in this scenario.

3. What is the function of introns in eukaryotic genes?

• A. They code for protein sequences.
• B. They are involved in gene regulation.
• C. They are removed during mRNA processing.
• D. They are non-functional remnants of ancient DNA.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: A) Introns do not code for protein sequences. Exons are the segments of DNA that code for proteins. B) While introns can indirectly influence gene regulation, their primary function is not directly involved in gene regulation. C) Introns are non-coding regions of DNA that are transcribed into pre-mRNA but are removed during mRNA processing through a process called splicing. This allows only the exons to be included in the mature mRNA that will be translated into proteins. D) While introns were once thought to be non-functional remnants of ancient DNA, research has shown that they can have regulatory functions and play a role in gene expression.

4. Identify the adverb in the following sentence: The patient waited anxiously for the doctor's news.

• A. waited
• B. anxiously
• C. doctor's
• D. news

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. In this sentence, "anxiously" describes how the patient "waited".

5. Which of the following factors does NOT affect the rate of dissolution of a solute in a solvent?

• A. Temperature
• B. Pressure
• C. Surface area
• D. Particle size

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Pressure does not affect the rate of dissolution of a solute in a solvent. The factors that do affect the rate of dissolution include temperature, surface area, and particle size. Temperature generally increases the rate of dissolution as it provides more energy for the solute particles to break apart and mix with the solvent. Increasing the surface area of the solute by grinding it into smaller particles or increasing its contact area with the solvent can also speed up dissolution. Similarly, reducing the particle size of the solute can increase the rate of dissolution by providing more surface area for interaction with the solvent.

6. What is the relationship between the frequency and period of a wave?

• A. They are unrelated
• B. Frequency = Period
• C. Frequency = 1/Period
• D. Period = 1/Frequency

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct relationship between frequency and period of a wave is that Period = 1/Frequency. This means that the period of a wave is the reciprocal of its frequency. Frequency is the number of complete cycles of a wave that occur in a unit of time, while the period is the time it takes for one complete cycle of the wave to occur. Since frequency and period are inversely related, the correct formula is Period = 1/Frequency.

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