1. Bile, a digestive juice, is produced by which organ?

A. Stomach
B. Liver
C. Pancreas
D. Small intestine

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Liver. Bile is a digestive juice that is produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder. It plays a crucial role in the digestion and absorption of fats in the small intestine. The stomach primarily produces gastric juices that aid in breaking down food, while the pancreas secretes digestive enzymes and bicarbonate into the small intestine. The small intestine is responsible for the absorption of nutrients. Therefore, the liver is the organ that produces bile, making it the correct answer to this question.

2. What is the functional group present in esters?

A. Hydroxyl
B. Carbonyl
C. Ester
D. Amine

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Esters have the functional group -COO-, representing a carbonyl group bonded to an oxygen atom. The other choices are associated with different functional groups.

3. Define the term "velocity" in relation to motion.

A. Speed in a specific direction
B. Distance traveled in a given time
C. Rate of change of position
D. Acceleration due to gravity

Correct answer:

Rationale: Velocity is the rate of change of position concerning direction, unlike speed which only refers to distance traveled per unit time.

4. A ball is rolling across the floor and comes to a stop on its own. What force caused the ball to stop?

A. Gravitational force
B. Normal force from the floor
C. Air resistance
D. None of the above

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In the absence of other forces, air resistance will gradually slow down the ball until it stops.

5. What is the primary hormone released by the parathyroid glands?

A. Insulin
B. Calcitonin
C. Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
D. Thyroxine

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The primary hormone released by the parathyroid glands is Parathyroid hormone (PTH), which plays a crucial role in regulating calcium levels in the body. Insulin is produced by the pancreas to regulate blood sugar levels and is unrelated to the parathyroid glands. Calcitonin is produced by the thyroid gland and helps regulate calcium levels but is not the primary hormone released by the parathyroid glands. Thyroxine is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland that regulates metabolism and is also not released by the parathyroid glands. Therefore, the correct answer is C: Parathyroid hormone (PTH).