1. Bile, a digestive juice, is produced by which organ?

A. Stomach
B. Liver
C. Pancreas
D. Small intestine

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Liver. Bile is a digestive juice that is produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder. It plays a crucial role in the digestion and absorption of fats in the small intestine. The stomach primarily produces gastric juices that aid in breaking down food, while the pancreas secretes digestive enzymes and bicarbonate into the small intestine. The small intestine is responsible for the absorption of nutrients. Therefore, the liver is the organ that produces bile, making it the correct answer to this question.

2. Which of the following is a characteristic of unsaturated fatty acids?

A. They are solid at room temperature.
B. They contain only single bonds.
C. They have a higher melting point.
D. They contain double or triple bonds.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Unsaturated fatty acids contain double or triple bonds in their hydrocarbon chains. The other choices do not accurately describe unsaturated fatty acids.

3. The following are basic steps in the controlling process of the department. Which of the

A. Measure actual performance
B. Set nursing standards and criteria
C. Compare results of performance to standards and objectives
D. Identify possible courses of action

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Measure actual performance.' In the controlling process of a department, measuring actual performance is a crucial step to assess how well the department is performing compared to set standards and objectives. By measuring actual performance, managers can identify any deviations from the established criteria and take necessary corrective actions. Setting nursing standards and criteria (option B) is typically done before the controlling process begins, to provide a benchmark for measuring performance. Comparing results of performance to standards and objectives (option C) is done after measuring actual performance. Identifying possible courses of action (option D) is part of the corrective action phase that follows measuring actual performance. Therefore, option A is the most appropriate step in the controlling process of a department.

4. Temperature Conversion & Interpretation: A patient's body temperature is 102°F. Convert this to °C and assess if it indicates a fever.

A. 37°C (Normal)
B. 39°C (Low-grade fever)
C. 39°C (Fever)
D. 42°C (Hyperthermia)

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: 1. To convert Fahrenheit to Celsius, you can use the formula: °C = (°F - 32) x 5/9. 2. Given that the patient's body temperature is 102°F, we can calculate the equivalent temperature in Celsius: °C = (102 - 32) x 5/9 °C = 70 x 5/9 °C = 350/9 °C ≈ 38.9°C, which can be rounded to 39°C. 3. A body temperature of 39°C is considered to indicate a fever. Normal body temperature typically ranges from 36.1°C to 37.2°C, so a temperature of 39°C is higher than the normal range and suggests a fever. 4. Options A and B are incorrect as they do not reflect the conversion of 102°F to °C

5. What skin condition is characterized by red, itchy, and inflamed patches?

A. Eczema
B. Psoriasis
C. Melanoma
D. Keloid

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Eczema. Eczema is a common skin condition that is characterized by red, itchy, and inflamed patches on the skin. It is often triggered by environmental factors or allergies and can vary in severity. Psoriasis (option B) is also a skin condition that causes red, scaly patches on the skin, but it is typically thicker and more silver or white in color compared to eczema. Melanoma (option C) is a type of skin cancer that usually presents as a new mole or a changing mole on the skin, rather than red, itchy patches. Keloid (option D) is a raised scar that can result from an overgrowth of scar tissue. Therefore, the most appropriate answer to this question is A: Eczema, based on the description of red, itchy, and inflamed patches.

6. A new invention claims to solve the energy crisis. What criteria should you use to evaluate this claim?

A. The inventor's qualifications and credentials.
B. The technology's cost-effectiveness and affordability.
C. Evidence of independent testing and scientific validation.
D. Testimonials from celebrities and public figures.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: When evaluating a claim about solving the energy crisis, it is crucial to look for evidence of independent testing and scientific validation. This ensures that the technology has been rigorously assessed and verified by experts in the field, providing credibility to the invention's effectiveness. Testimonials from celebrities and public figures (option D) may not provide reliable information about the technology's actual capabilities. The inventor's qualifications and credentials (option A) are important but do not guarantee the technology's success. Cost-effectiveness and affordability (option B) are significant factors but should be considered alongside scientific validation to assess the overall impact and feasibility of the invention.