Nursing Elites

1. The ability of a substance to dissolve in another is called:

• A. Solubility
• B. Miscibility
• C. Immiscibility
• D. Reactivity

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Solubility refers to the extent to which one substance can dissolve in another to form a homogeneous solution.

2. An object is thrown upwards and reaches a maximum height. Which of the following statements is TRUE about its velocity and acceleration at the peak?

• A. Velocity is zero and acceleration is maximum upwards
• B. Velocity is maximum and acceleration is zero.
• C. Velocity is maximum and acceleration is maximum upwards.
• D. Velocity is zero and acceleration is maximum downwards.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: At the peak, the object momentarily stops moving (zero velocity), but gravity still pulls it upwards, causing a maximum upward acceleration.

3. Which part of the brain controls balance and coordination?

• A. Cerebellum
• B. Hypothalamus
• C. Occipital lobe
• D. Corpus callosum

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: The cerebellum is the part of the brain responsible for coordinating voluntary movements, balance, and posture. It receives information from the sensory systems, the spinal cord, and other parts of the brain to regulate motor movements. The hypothalamus is involved in regulating various bodily functions such as temperature, hunger, and thirst. The occipital lobe is primarily responsible for processing visual information. The corpus callosum is a structure that connects the two hemispheres of the brain and facilitates communication between them.

4. Certain medications can suppress the immune system to treat autoimmune diseases or prevent organ rejection after transplants. What is a potential risk associated with immunosuppressive drugs?

• A. Increased risk of developing allergies
• B. Increased susceptibility to infections
• C. Both a and b
• D. Neither a nor b

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Both a and b.' Immunocompromised individuals, who take immunosuppressive drugs, are at an increased risk of developing allergies due to the altered immune response. Additionally, these drugs suppress the immune system's ability to fight off infections, making individuals more susceptible to various pathogens. Therefore, both increased risk of developing allergies and increased susceptibility to infections are potential risks associated with immunosuppressive drugs, making option C the correct choice.

5. Which of the following factors can contribute to erectile dysfunction in males?

• A. Diabetes
• B. Cardiovascular disease
• C. Neurological disorders
• D. All of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, 'All of the above.' Erectile dysfunction in males can be caused by various factors including diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and neurological disorders. Diabetes can lead to nerve damage and reduced blood flow, impacting erectile function. Cardiovascular disease can restrict blood flow to the penis, affecting erections. Neurological disorders can disrupt the signals between the brain and the reproductive system, interfering with the ability to achieve or maintain an erection. Therefore, all of these factors can contribute to erectile dysfunction in males.

6. Myelin sheath is a fatty substance that insulates and protects the long extensions of some nerve cells. It is produced by:

• A. Schwann cells
• B. Astrocytes
• C. Neurons
• D. Oligodendrocytes

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Schwann cells. Schwann cells are a type of glial cell in the peripheral nervous system that produce the myelin sheath around axons. Myelin sheath is essential for the rapid conduction of nerve impulses and provides insulation and protection to nerve fibers. Astrocytes are glial cells that provide support and maintain homeostasis in the central nervous system, but they do not produce myelin. Neurons are the main functional units of the nervous system responsible for transmitting nerve impulses. Oligodendrocytes are another type of glial cell in the central nervous system that produce myelin sheath around axons in that region, not in the peripheral nervous system where Schwann cells are responsible for myelination.

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