Nursing Elites

1. What is the term for the particles moving around within a substance?

• A. Ions
• B. Atoms
• C. Molecules
• D. Kinetic energy

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In most cases, the particles moving within a substance are individual molecules or atoms, depending on the state of matter.

2. A person who carries a pathogen but does not exhibit any symptoms is considered:

• A. Asymptomatic carrier
• B. Opportunistic pathogen
• C. Nosocomial infection
• D. Vector-borne disease

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: An asymptomatic carrier is a person who carries a pathogen (such as a virus or bacterium) but does not show any symptoms of the infection themselves. Despite not exhibiting symptoms, asymptomatic carriers can still spread the pathogen to others, potentially causing illness in those who come into contact with them. This term specifically refers to individuals who are infected but do not develop symptoms, distinguishing them from symptomatic carriers who do show signs of the infection. Option A is the most appropriate choice in this context as it accurately describes a person who carries a pathogen without displaying symptoms. B) Opportunistic pathogen: This term refers to pathogens that typically do not cause disease in healthy individuals but can become pathogenic in individuals with weakened immune systems. C) Nosocomial infection: This term refers to infections that are acquired in a hospital or healthcare facility. D) Vector-borne disease: This term refers to diseases

3. A substance that can donate a hydroxide ion (OH-) in solution is classified as a:

• A. Salt
• B. Base
• C. Neutral compound
• D. Dehydrating agent

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Bases accept protons (H+) and can donate hydroxide ions

4. What is the function of ribosomes?

• A. Packaging and transporting proteins
• B. Storing genetic material
• C. Controlling cell division
• D. Synthesizing proteins

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: 'Synthesizing proteins.' Ribosomes are the cellular organelles responsible for protein synthesis. They read the mRNA and assemble amino acids into proteins according to the genetic information encoded in the mRNA. This process is crucial for building and maintaining cellular structures, enzymes, and various other proteins essential for the functioning of the cell. Options A, B, and C do not accurately describe the primary function of ribosomes, making them incorrect choices for this question.

5. St. Raphael Medical Center just opened its new Performance Improvement Department. Ms.

• A. Make an interpretation about strengths and weaknesses
• B. Identify the values of the department
• C. Identify structure, process, outcome standards & criteria
• D. Measure actual performances

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Identify the values of the department.' When a new department is established, it is important to define its core values, beliefs, and principles to guide its operations. This helps create a shared understanding among staff and stakeholders about the department's purpose and priorities. By identifying the values of the Performance Improvement Department at St. Raphael Medical Center, employees can align their actions with the department's mission and goals, fostering a cohesive and effective work environment. Options A, C, and D are not directly related to establishing the foundational values of a new department, making them less relevant in this context.

6. Which process involves the body's natural defense against inhaled dust and allergens?

• A. Cellular respiration
• B. Gas exchange
• C. Ciliary action
• D. Bronchoconstriction

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Ciliary action. Cilia are tiny hair-like structures lining the respiratory tract that help trap and remove inhaled dust and allergens. When these particles are trapped in the mucus produced by the cilia, the cilia beat in a coordinated fashion to move the mucus and its trapped particles out of the respiratory system, preventing them from reaching the lungs. Cellular respiration (A) is the process by which cells generate energy from nutrients, not a defense mechanism. Gas exchange (B) refers to the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs, not a defense mechanism. Bronchoconstriction (D) is the narrowing of the airways, often in response to triggers like allergens, but it is not the body's natural defense mechanism against inhaled dust and allergens.

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