Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is NOT a type of chemical bond?

• A. Ionic bond
• B. Covalent bond
• C. Metallic bond
• D. Gravitational bond

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Although gravity exists, it's not considered a chemical bond responsible for holding atoms together within molecules.

2. Aubrey thinks about primary nursing as a system to deliver care. Which of the following

• A. Collaborates with the physician
• B. Provides care to a group of patients together with a group of nurses
• C. Provides care for 5-6 patients during their hospital stay.
• D. Performs comprehensive initial assessment

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Primary nursing is a care delivery system where one nurse is responsible for the total nursing care needs of a group of patients throughout their hospital stay. This includes performing comprehensive initial assessments, developing care plans, coordinating with other healthcare team members, and providing direct patient care. Option D is the correct answer as it aligns with the core principles of primary nursing, emphasizing the nurse's role in conducting thorough assessments to ensure individualized and holistic care for each patient in their caseload. Options A, B, and C do not accurately reflect the key components of primary nursing, making them incorrect choices.

3. Identify the noun clause in the sentence: "My biggest fear is that I wouldn't live life to the fullest."

• A. "My biggest fear"
• B. "that I wouldn't live life to the fullest"
• C. "life"
• D. "the fullest"

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Option B functions as the object of the verb "is," making it a noun clause.

4. Urine travels from the kidneys to the bladder through tubes called:

• A. Urethra
• B. Ureters
• C. Renal arteries
• D. Renal veins

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ureters. The ureters are the tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder. The renal arteries and renal veins are blood vessels that supply and drain blood from the kidneys, respectively. The urethra is the tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the body. Understanding the anatomy of the urinary system is important for grasping how waste is processed and eliminated by the body.

5. The epiglottis is a small flap of cartilage located near the base of the tongue. What is its role during swallowing?

• A. Initiates the swallowing reflex
• B. Grinds food into smaller pieces
• C. Covers the trachea to prevent food aspiration
• D. Stores saliva for lubrication

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The epiglottis is a crucial anatomical structure that covers the trachea during swallowing to prevent food aspiration. When we swallow, the epiglottis folds over the trachea, directing food and liquids down the esophagus instead of entering the airway. This action helps to ensure that the food and liquids go to the stomach for digestion and not into the lungs, which can lead to aspiration pneumonia, a serious condition. Therefore, option C, 'Covers the trachea to prevent food aspiration,' is the correct role of the epiglottis during swallowing.

6. What happens when a protein unfolds?

• A. Activation
• B. Denaturation
• C. Renaturation
• D. Folding

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: - Activation (Option A) refers to the process of initiating or increasing the activity of a molecule, such as an enzyme. Protein unfolding does not involve activation. - Denaturation (Option B) is the correct answer. Denaturation refers to the process by which a protein loses its three-dimensional structure, leading to the disruption of its function. This can be caused by factors such as heat, pH changes, or chemicals. - Renaturation (Option C) is the process by which a denatured protein regains its native structure and function. Protein unfolding is the opposite of renaturation. - Folding (Option D) is the process by which a protein assumes its functional three-dimensional structure. Unfolding is the reverse process of folding, not folding itself.

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