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ATI TEAS 7

Chemistry

1. Which of the following is a functional group commonly found in alcohols?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The hydroxyl functional group (OH) is commonly found in alcohols. The other choices are associated with different functional groups.

2. What are chromosomes made of?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: Chromosomes are structures found in the nucleus of cells that contain genetic material. They are made up of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), which carries the genetic information, and proteins that help in the organization and packaging of the DNA. While RNA is involved in various cellular processes, it is not a major component of chromosomes. Carbohydrates are not a significant component of chromosomes. Therefore, the most accurate answer is B) DNA and proteins.

3. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition affecting blood sugar control. What is the main type of hormone deficiency associated with type 1 diabetes?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: "Insulin." In type 1 diabetes, the main type of hormone deficiency is insulin. Insulin is produced by the pancreas and is crucial for regulating blood sugar levels by helping cells absorb glucose. In individuals with type 1 diabetes, the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas, leading to a deficiency of insulin. This results in uncontrolled high blood sugar levels, which can have serious consequences if not managed properly. Glucagon, estrogen, and testosterone do not play a primary role in the hormone deficiency associated with type 1 diabetes.

4. Which energy transformation occurs when a guitar string vibrates to produce sound?

Correct answer: c

Rationale: The electrical energy in the guitar's amplifier is converted into sound energy when the string vibrates.

5. What is the name for the balanced equation that represents a chemical reaction?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A balanced equation shows the reactants, products, and their stoichiometric coefficients, ensuring equal numbers of atoms of each element on both sides.

6. What is the involuntary muscle tissue found in the walls of blood vessels and organs like the stomach and intestines?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Smooth muscle. Smooth muscle is the involuntary muscle tissue that is found in the walls of blood vessels and organs like the stomach and intestines. Unlike skeletal muscle, which is voluntary and under conscious control, smooth muscle functions involuntarily, allowing organs to contract and relax without conscious effort. Cardiac muscle, while also involuntary, is specifically found in the heart. Striated muscle refers to both skeletal and cardiac muscle, which exhibit a striped appearance under a microscope due to the arrangement of their filaments. Therefore, smooth muscle is the most appropriate answer for this question.

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