Nursing Elites

1. Based on the information provided, which statement is LEAST likely to be supported by the author?

• A. Energy storage technologies play a critical role in the future of renewable energy utilization.
• B. Smart grids can improve the reliability and efficiency of the electricity grid.
• C. Continued reliance on fossil fuels hinders long-term climate change mitigation goals.
• D. Technological advancements offer solutions to overcome challenges associated with renewable energy.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: While the passage mentions smart grids, its primary focus is on managing the intermittency of renewable energy, making B the least likely statement the author would strongly support.

2. Which component of the nervous system is responsible for controlling voluntary movements, such as the contraction of skeletal muscles?

• A. Autonomic nervous system
• B. Peripheral nervous system
• C. Somatic nervous system
• D. Sympathetic nervous system

Correct answer: c

Rationale: The correct answer is C, the somatic nervous system. The somatic nervous system is responsible for controlling voluntary movements, such as the contraction of skeletal muscles. This system consists of motor neurons that send signals from the central nervous system to the skeletal muscles, allowing us to consciously control our movements. The autonomic nervous system (A) controls involuntary actions like heart rate and digestion, the peripheral nervous system (B) includes all nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord, and the sympathetic nervous system (D) is a division of the autonomic nervous system responsible for the fight-or-flight response. Therefore, the somatic nervous system is specifically involved in voluntary movements.

3. You observe that plants in a greenhouse grow faster when exposed to red light compared to blue light. What is the next best step in your investigation?

• A. Increase the intensity of the blue light.
• B. Decrease the intensity of the red light.
• C. Grow plants in complete darkness.
• D. Grow plants exposed to both red and blue light at equal intensities.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The next best step in the investigation would be to grow plants exposed to both red and blue light at equal intensities. This will help determine if the observed growth difference is due to the specific wavelength of light (red vs. blue) or if it is related to the intensity of light. By exposing plants to both red and blue light at equal intensities, you can compare their growth rates and determine if one wavelength has a greater effect on plant growth.

4. Percent (%) is a way to express a fraction with a denominator of 100. 125% can be expressed as a fraction in lowest terms. Which of the following represents 125% as a fraction?

• A. 5/4
• B. 1/8
• C. 5/2
• D. 25/2

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Percent literally means "out of one hundred." So, 125% is equivalent to 125/100. We can simplify this fraction by dividing the numerator and denominator by 25, resulting in 5/2.

5. Where should a semicolon be placed in the following sentence? "He loves reading comics, playing video games, and spending time with friends"?

• A. He loves reading comics; playing video games, and spending time with friends.
• B. He loves reading comics, playing video games; and spending time with friends.
• C. He loves reading comics, playing video games and spending time with friends.
• D. No semicolon needed.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Semicolons can join three or more items in a list, especially when the items themselves contain commas. Option (b) is the correct placement.

6. Which phenomenon describes the bending of light as it travels from one medium to another with differing densities?

• A. Reflection
• B. Refraction
• C. Diffraction
• D. Dispersion

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Refraction. Refraction is the phenomenon that describes the bending of light as it travels from one medium to another with differing densities. When light passes from one medium to another, such as from air to water, its speed changes, causing it to bend. This bending of light is what we observe when a pencil appears bent in a glass of water. Reflection, on the other hand, is the bouncing back of light when it hits a surface. Diffraction refers to the bending of light around obstacles, and dispersion is the separation of light into its different colors. Therefore, in this case, refraction is the most appropriate term to describe the bending of light as it moves between media with different densities.

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