Nursing Elites

1. What type of error occurs in the sentence "Everyone knew who the culprit was, except for me"?

• A. Subject-verb agreement
• B. Misplaced modifier
• C. Dangling participle
• D. Pronoun-antecedent agreement

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The phrase "except for me" modifies "everyone," but it is misplaced after the verb "knew," causing confusion.

2. Which of the following organs is NOT directly involved in the mechanical breakdown of food?

• A. Mouth
• B. Stomach
• C. Small intestine
• D. Esophagus

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, esophagus. The esophagus is a muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach, but it is not directly involved in the mechanical breakdown of food. The mouth is responsible for the initial mechanical breakdown of food through chewing, the stomach further breaks down food through muscular contractions, and the small intestine aids in the digestion process. However, the esophagus primarily serves to transport chewed food from the mouth to the stomach via peristaltic movements, without actively breaking down the food itself.

3. The ability of a substance to dissolve in another is called:

• A. Solubility
• B. Miscibility
• C. Immiscibility
• D. Reactivity

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Solubility refers to the extent to which one substance can dissolve in another to form a homogeneous solution.

4. What is the scientific term for a muscle that helps another muscle perform its action?

• A. Agonist
• B. Antagonist
• C. Synergist
• D. Fixator

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Synergist. A synergist muscle is a muscle that assists the prime mover (agonist) in performing its action by stabilizing joints or contributing extra force to the movement. Antagonist muscles oppose the action of the prime mover, while fixator muscles stabilize the origin of the prime mover to allow efficient movement. Understanding the roles of these muscles is essential in comprehending how various muscle groups work together to produce coordinated movements.

5. Following a successful heart transplant surgery, the patient's body will need to take medications to:

• A. Suppress the immune system and prevent rejection of the new heart.
• B. Reduce overall blood pressure.
• C. Dissolve any remaining blood clots.
• D. Stimulate the growth of new heart tissue.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Suppress the immune system and prevent rejection of the new heart.' After a heart transplant surgery, the body's immune system may recognize the new heart as a foreign object and try to attack it, leading to rejection. To prevent this, patients need to take medications that suppress the immune system, helping the body accept the new heart. These medications are crucial to ensure the success and longevity of the transplanted organ by reducing the risk of rejection. Options B, C, and D are not directly related to the post-heart transplant medication regimen and do not address the primary concern of preventing rejection.

6. According to Newton's third law of motion, if you push against a wall with a certain force, the wall will push back with:

• A. A smaller force
• B. An equal force
• C. A greater force
• D. No force at all

Correct answer: b

Rationale: Newton's third law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

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