Nursing Elites

1. Which type of mutation involves a change in the number of chromosomes?

• A. Point mutation
• B. Frameshift mutation
• C. Missense mutation
• D. Aneuploidy

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Rationale: A) Point mutation: Involves a change in a single nucleotide base pair within the DNA sequence. B) Frameshift mutation: Involves the insertion or deletion of nucleotides, causing a shift in the reading frame of the genetic code. C) Missense mutation: Involves a single nucleotide change that results in a codon that codes for a different amino acid. D) Aneuploidy: Involves a change in the number of chromosomes, where an individual may have an extra chromosome (trisomy) or a missing chromosome (monosomy). Aneuploidy can lead to genetic disorders such as Down syndrome (trisomy 21) or Turner syndrome (monosomy X).

2. Which sentence uses the semicolon correctly?

• A. The play was long; however, it was very entertaining.
• B. The guests arrived; Sarah greeted them at the door.
• C. John likes apples; Mary prefers oranges.
• D. He was tired; he went to bed early.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Option B joins two independent clauses related to the same event.

3. What is the most effective way to ensure clarity and conciseness in your writing?

• A. Using complex sentence structures and passive voice.
• B. Avoiding unnecessary repetition and redundant words.
• C. Replacing simple words with more sophisticated synonyms.
• D. Adding flowery introductions and lengthy conclusions.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Concise writing eliminates unnecessary words and uses active voice to express ideas directly and clearly.

4. Which hormone, produced by the pancreas, regulates blood sugar levels by promoting the uptake of glucose into cells?

• A. Insulin
• B. Glucagon
• C. Cortisol
• D. Thyroxine

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Insulin. Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that plays a crucial role in regulating blood sugar levels by promoting the uptake of glucose into cells. When blood sugar levels are high, insulin is released to help cells take in glucose for energy production or storage. Glucagon (option B) is another hormone produced by the pancreas but functions in the opposite way to insulin, increasing blood sugar levels by promoting the release of stored glucose from the liver. Cortisol (option C) and Thyroxine (option D) are hormones produced by the adrenal glands and thyroid gland, respectively, but they do not primarily regulate blood sugar levels like insulin. Therefore, the correct choice is A: Insulin.

5. Imaginary unit multiples are used to represent numbers that cannot be obtained on the number line. Which of the following is equivalent to 5i?

• A. -5
• B. i^5
• C. 5√-1
• D. 1/5i

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: - The imaginary unit, denoted as "i," is defined as the square root of -1. - Therefore, 5i can be expressed as 5 times the square root of -1, which is equivalent to 5√-1. - Option A, -5, is a real number and not an imaginary unit multiple. - Option B, i^5, is equal to i because i raised to any power that is a multiple of 4 results in 1, and i^5 is equivalent to i. - Option D, 1/5i, is the reciprocal of 5i and not equivalent to 5i.

6. Which element has the same number of protons and neutrons?

• A. Carbon (C)
• B. Oxygen (O)
• C. Lithium (Li)
• D. Helium (He)

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Helium (He) - He-4 has 2 protons and 2 neutrons, while the other options have differing numbers.

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