Nursing Elites

1. How is power related to work and time?

• A. Power = Work ÷ Time
• B. Power = Work × Time
• C. Power = Work + Time
• D. Power = Work - Time

Correct answer: a

Rationale: Power is calculated as the amount of work done or energy transferred per unit of time.

2. What is the scientific unit used to measure the radioactivity of a substance?

• A. Becquerel (Bq)
• B. Joule (J)
• C. Newton (N)
• D. Kelvin (K)

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Becquerel measures the number of nuclear decays per second in a radioactive sample.

3. Define the term "velocity" in relation to motion.

• A. Speed in a specific direction
• B. Distance traveled in a given time
• C. Rate of change of position
• D. Acceleration due to gravity

Correct answer:

Rationale: Velocity is the rate of change of position concerning direction, unlike speed which only refers to distance traveled per unit time.

4. Passive transport does not require energy input from the cell. Which of the following is an example of passive transport?

• A. Active transport of ions across a membrane
• B. Diffusion of small molecules across a concentration gradient
• C. Movement of large molecules using vesicles
• D. Endocytosis of particles into the cell

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Passive transport refers to the movement of molecules across a cell membrane without the need for energy input. Endocytosis is an example of passive transport because it involves the cell engulfing particles or molecules from the external environment into vesicles without the direct expenditure of energy. On the other hand, options A, B, and C involve active processes that require energy. Active transport, such as the movement of ions against their concentration gradient, requires energy in the form of ATP. Diffusion of small molecules across a concentration gradient also does not require energy input, but it is a passive process, not active transport. Movement of large molecules using vesicles is a form of active transport called vesicular transport. Therefore, the correct answer is D, endocytosis of particles into the cell, as it exemplifies passive transport without the need for energy consumption by the cell.

5. A patient's temperature is measured as 38.5 degrees Celsius. What is their temperature in Fahrenheit?

• A. 99.5 degrees Fahrenheit
• B. 101.3 degrees Fahrenheit
• C. 103.1 degrees Fahrenheit
• D. 104.9 degrees Fahrenheit

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Use the conversion formula: °F = (°C x 9/5) + 32. Substitute 38.5°C for °C and calculate: (38.5°C x 9/5) + 32 ≈ 99.5°F.

6. Which of the following best describes the function of the pericardium?

• A. It regulates blood flow through valves within the heart.
• B. It acts as a protective sac surrounding the heart.
• C. It generates the electrical impulses for heart contractions.
• D. It transmits electrical signals between the atria and ventricles.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: "It acts as a protective sac surrounding the heart." The pericardium is a double-layered membrane that surrounds and protects the heart, providing physical support and preventing overexpansion. It also helps reduce friction between the heart and surrounding structures during heartbeats. Options A, C, and D are incorrect as they describe functions of other parts of the heart such as valves, electrical impulse generation, and transmission pathways, respectively. Understanding the role of the pericardium in protecting the heart is crucial for comprehending the anatomical and physiological aspects of the cardiovascular system.

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