1. What is the name of the bone marrow cavity in the long bones where red blood cells are produced?

A. Periosteum
B. Diaphysis
C. Medullary cavity
D. Epiphysis

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Diaphysis. The diaphysis is the shaft of a long bone where the medullary cavity is located. The medullary cavity is the central cavity of the diaphysis where red bone marrow is found and is responsible for producing red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. The periosteum is a dense membrane covering the outer surface of bones, not where red blood cells are produced. The epiphysis refers to the ends of long bones, while the medullary cavity is found in the diaphysis. Therefore, the correct choice is the diaphysis where the medullary cavity is located for red blood cell production.

2. What is the correct way to write "25th anniversary" as a word?

A. Twenty-fiveth anniversary
B. Twenty Fiveth Anniversary
C. Twenty fifth anniversary
D. twenty-fifth anniversary

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Ordinals (numbers with "th", "st", "nd", etc.) are generally written as words when used before nouns. Option (d) is correct.

3. An Egyptian model pyramid has a square base side length of 10cm and a height of 8cm. What is its volume?

A. 20 cu cm
B. 40 cu cm
C. 80 cu cm
D. 160 cu cm

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Use the formula for volume of a pyramid: (1/3) * base area * height. Calculate the base area (10cm * 10cm = 100 sq cm) and substitute: (1/3) * 100 sq cm * 8cm = 80 cu cm.

4. The gradual change in a species over time is called:

A. Adaptation
B. Evolution
C. Speciation
D. Natural selection

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: - Adaptation refers to the process by which a species becomes better suited to its environment over time. While adaptation is a component of evolution, it specifically refers to the changes that help a species survive and reproduce in its environment. - Speciation is the process by which new species arise from a single ancestral species. It involves the evolution of reproductive isolation between populations. - Natural selection is a mechanism of evolution where individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce, leading to the increase in frequency of those traits in a population. - Evolution is the gradual change in a species over time, encompassing all the processes such as adaptation, speciation, and natural selection that drive these changes.

5. The most common cause of hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) are:

A. Viruses
B. Bacteria
C. Fungi
D. Parasites

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs), also known as nosocomial infections, are infections that patients acquire during the course of receiving treatment in a healthcare facility. Among the options provided, bacteria are the most common cause of HAIs. Bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are known to cause a wide range of infections in healthcare settings. While viruses, fungi, and parasites can also cause HAIs, bacteria are the most prevalent and significant pathogens responsible for these infections. Proper infection control measures, including hand hygiene, environmental cleaning, and antimicrobial stewardship, are essential in preventing and controlling HAIs caused by bacteria.

6. The stratified cuboidal epithelium lining the salivary glands is responsible for:

A. Protection
B. Gas exchange
C. Secretion
D. Absorption

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Secretion. The stratified cuboidal epithelium lining the salivary glands is specifically designed for the secretion of saliva, which plays a crucial role in the initial digestion of food. This type of epithelium has multiple layers of cells that provide protection and support for the glandular tissue underneath, allowing for the production and release of saliva. Options A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not accurately reflect the primary function of this particular epithelium. Therefore, the correct choice is C, secretion.