Nursing Elites

1. What is the condition called when someone experiences a temporary loss of consciousness due to a lack of blood flow to the brain?

• A. Stroke
• B. Epilepsy
• C. Syncope (fainting)
• D. Multiple sclerosis

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Syncope (fainting)'. Syncope is the temporary loss of consciousness caused by a temporary drop in blood flow to the brain, leading to a lack of oxygen reaching the brain. This can occur due to various reasons such as dehydration, sudden drop in blood pressure, or emotional stress. A stroke (option A) is a sudden interruption in the blood supply to the brain, leading to brain cell damage. Epilepsy (option B) is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures. Multiple sclerosis (option D) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system. Therefore, the correct term for a temporary loss of consciousness due to lack of blood flow to the brain is syncope.

2. An object is thrown upwards and reaches a maximum height. Which of the following statements is TRUE about its velocity and acceleration at the peak?

• A. Velocity is zero and acceleration is maximum upwards
• B. Velocity is maximum and acceleration is zero.
• C. Velocity is maximum and acceleration is maximum upwards.
• D. Velocity is zero and acceleration is maximum downwards.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: At the peak, the object momentarily stops moving (zero velocity), but gravity still pulls it upwards, causing a maximum upward acceleration.

3. Elements tend to gain or lose electrons to achieve stable electron configurations like those of noble gases. Their group number often indicates the number of electrons gained/lost and the resulting ionic charge, providing a good starting point for prediction.

• A. Ionic bonds involve electron sharing, while metallic bonds involve electron transfer
• B. Ionic bonds are weak and directional, while metallic bonds are strong and non-directional
• C. Ionic bonds exist between metals and non-metals, while metallic bonds exist only between metals
• D. Ionic bonds form discrete molecules, while metallic bonds form extended structures

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Ionic bonds involve complete electron transfer between atoms, creating strong, non-directional electrostatic attraction. Metallic bonds involve a delocalized "sea" of electrons shared across all metal atoms, resulting in a strong, extended structure.

4. A triangular scarf has sides measuring 10cm, 12cm, and 15cm. What is its perimeter?

• A. 27cm
• B. 32cm
• C. 37cm
• D. 45cm

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Simply add the lengths of all sides: perimeter = side1 + side2 + side3 = 10cm + 12cm + 15cm = 37cm.

5. What is the difference between alpha decay and beta decay?

• A. Both release the same type of particle.
• B. Alpha decay releases a helium nucleus, while beta decay releases an electron or positron.
• C. Alpha decay is more common than beta decay.
• D. They both convert one element into another, but in different ways.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Alpha decay releases a helium nucleus (2 protons, 2 neutrons), while beta decay releases an electron or positron. - Both processes alter the atomic structure and change the element's identity.

6. What is the largest muscle in the human body?

• A. Gluteus maximus (buttocks)
• B. Quadriceps femoris (thighs)
• C. Erector spinae (back)
• D. Pectoralis major (chest)

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The gluteus maximus is the largest muscle in the human body, located at the back of the hip and extending from the sacrum to the femur. It is a powerful muscle that plays a crucial role in extending the hip joint, enabling walking, running, and climbing stairs.

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