Nursing Elites

1. Identify the independent clause in the following sentence: "While the chef prepared dinner, the guests chatted and enjoyed the music."

• A. While the chef prepared dinner
• B. the guests chatted and enjoyed the music
• C. While the chef prepared dinner,
• D. the guests chatted and enjoyed

Correct answer: B

Rationale: An independent clause expresses a complete thought and can stand alone as a sentence.

2. What is the primary hormone released by the parathyroid glands?

• A. Insulin
• B. Calcitonin
• C. Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
• D. Thyroxine

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The primary hormone released by the parathyroid glands is Parathyroid hormone (PTH), which plays a crucial role in regulating calcium levels in the body. Insulin is produced by the pancreas to regulate blood sugar levels and is unrelated to the parathyroid glands. Calcitonin is produced by the thyroid gland and helps regulate calcium levels but is not the primary hormone released by the parathyroid glands. Thyroxine is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland that regulates metabolism and is also not released by the parathyroid glands. Therefore, the correct answer is C: Parathyroid hormone (PTH).

3. Positron emission tomography (PET) scans utilize a key property of positrons for medical imaging. What is this property?

• A. High mass
• B. Positive charge
• C. Extreme stability
• D. Identical behavior to electrons

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Positive charge.' Positron emission tomography (PET) scans rely on the fact that positrons are positively charged particles. When a positron is emitted during radioactive decay, it quickly collides with an electron, resulting in annihilation and the release of two gamma rays in opposite directions. These gamma rays are detected by the PET scanner to create detailed images of the body's internal organs and tissues. The positive charge of positrons is crucial for this process to occur, making option B the correct choice.

4. How does the structure of centromeres contribute to chromosome movement during mitosis?

• A. The centromere provides a binding site for spindle fibers, allowing chromosomes to be attached and manipulated.
• B. The centromere serves as a dividing point between sister chromatids, ensuring their separation during anaphase.
• C. The centromere maintains chromosome stability by preventing chromosomal breaks and rearrangements.
• D. The centromere plays a role in DNA replication, ensuring accurate copying of the genetic material.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: A) The centromere provides a binding site for spindle fibers, which are microtubules that help move chromosomes during cell division. This attachment allows the chromosomes to be pulled towards opposite poles of the cell during mitosis. Therefore, the structure of centromeres directly contributes to chromosome movement during mitosis by facilitating the attachment and manipulation of chromosomes by the spindle fibers. B) While the centromere does serve as a dividing point between sister chromatids, ensuring their separation during anaphase, this function is more related to the segregation of chromosomes rather than their movement. C) The centromere does play a role in maintaining chromosome stability by ensuring proper chromosome segregation, but it is not primarily responsible for preventing chromosomal breaks and rearrangements. D) The centromere is not directly involved in DNA replication. Its main function is

5. Identify the type of error in the sentence "They went to the store, and bought groceries, then went home."

• A. Run-on sentence
• B. Comma splice
• C. Dangling modifier
• D. Subject-verb agreement

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The sentence combines two independent clauses without proper punctuation, forming a run-on sentence.

6. Which sentence uses comma splices incorrectly?

• A. The baker kneaded the dough, flour dusted her apron, and the oven warmed up.
• B. The mountains, shrouded in mist, seemed to disappear into the clouds.
• C. He arrived late, having forgotten his keys, and the meeting had already started.
• D. The movie, despite its flaws, was surprisingly enjoyable.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Option (c) incorrectly combines two independent clauses with only a comma. A semicolon or conjunction is needed

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